Applications of Results

1. Application to Strategic Decision making of Energy Industry


Coal is the main source of energy in China, accounting for 73% of total energy in China. The development of coal industry has a direct influence on the economic development.

The satellite image map at the scale of 1:1,000,000 was compiled using imagery data. It covers 1,170,000 km² and contains a coal deposits of 500,000 million tons; in north-west part of China 1:500,000 Remote Sensing Series Maps, in Shanxi Energy Base, cover area 157,000 km² coal deposit revealed makes 30% of that in whole China. All these have provided a scientific basis for decision-making and strategic layout of the national energy industry


2. Application to Area Geological Investigation..


The east part of China is more developed than the west. The coal resources of this part have been opened up mostly. In order to find new resources, area geological investigation was carried out by using satellite image data at the scale of. 1:500,000 and 1:200,000 to find coal-bearing sections to meet the needs of the east part.


3. Application to Coal Field Prediction


Remote sensing techniques were applied to coal field prediction within an area of 7000km² in the the middle west of the Da Xing An ling Mountians. The interpretation of 1:200,000, 1:500,000 coal field geological iamges was carried out. 18 coal-bearing basins and four additional predicted coal-bearing areas were delineated with a predicted coal deposite of 54,000 million tons.


4. Coal Reconnaissance and Discovery of Uneete Coal Field


The geological interpretation of Uneete Basin (10000 km²) was made by means of landsat images data, 1:100,000 Remote Sensing Geological Map was compiled. After the analysis of coal bearing condition, the 3200km² area in Uneete Basin was selected for interpretation of aerial photos used for compilation of 1:500,00 coal field geologic map. We outlined areas of distribution of the Jurassic-Cretaceous coal-bearing Bayanhua Formation, and determined the coal seam under grassland.

Through drilling verifying, the reliability of remote sensing interpretation attains more than 80%. The total thickness of the workable coal seams is up to 40m, and 340 million tons of coal reserves has been found.


5. Application to Coal Field Geological Mapping.


The coal geological maps at 8 kinds of scales such as 1:500,000, 1:100,000, 1:50,000, 1:25,000, 1:10,000 1:2000 were compiled by using remote sensing techniques. Through examination, and acceptance, the quality of above maps were up to the national specification.

The application of above 1:10,000, 1:5000, large scale geological maps, in 24 provinces, municipalities or autonomous regions shows the efficiency of mapping has increased by 3-7 times and the cost has been reduced by half and the extent of geological research and map accuracy have been raised on a big margin.


6. Detection of a Fire Area of a Coal Mine.


Spontaneous combustion of coal is of common occurrence in the coal fields with Jurassic coal beds in the North China, and constitutes a major geological hazard in coal mining. By means of airnorne thermal infrared scanning, we may delineate a burnt area, by using colour infrared photoyraphgy define the boundary between a burnt area and unburnt area, thus furnishing reliable information for production of coal resources, rational development and safe production of a coal mine


7. Control of Water Burst in a Coal Mine.


In 1984, an extraordinary water burst accident happened in the Fangeshuang Shaft of Kaoluan Mine, with a water flow attaining 2070m³/min. The water inundated the whole shaft and the loss was enormous. In that years three-level (space, aerial and ground) synchronous remote sensing and multi-temporal flights were carried out and combined with ground investigation. As a result, the Wangxizhuang active fault was determined to be the main water conducts for water gushing in the shaft, thus providing the basis for making water control measures.


8. Identification of Land Collapse Areas.


Land collapse, which happens after working-out of the underground workings, is a main potential trouble of large and old mines. By using colour infrared aerial photographs, the collapse areas were determined. The fixed, semi-fixed and developing collapse area could be distinguished.

By using muilti-temporal remote sensing techniques the developing direction, velocity of the collapse area and influenced areas have been determined, providing the basis for residents moving and making up for economic loss.


9. Application for Investigation of Geological Hazard


Dun-suan Coal Mine is located in the montain area. By using airborne images, the investigation of geological hazard was carried out in 255km² areas with total 56 sites of collapse and 154 sites of landslide were determined, through interpretation both ground and underground data, 90% of the hazards was believed to be related to the coal production activity.

We have conducted a dynamic analysis of the developing tendency of landslide in the last 20 years by using multi-temporal images. As a results. The collapse and landslide of coal mine mostly happened ten years after working -out of shaft. we also found out that if waste rocks were set in proper places, it would influence the safety of shaft. By removing the waste rock, the landslip will gradually become stable.


10. Investigation of Environmental Pollution of Coal Mine


The coal mine is the main pollution source, including air, ground , water pollution. The investigation of environmental pollution caused by coal mines was carried out by using airborne colour infrared photography and thermal infrared scanning image.

Compared with the other ways, the methods used in Dun-zuan Coal Mine, reduce the working time by half and costs by 80%. The above result shows remote sensing is the most effective technical means for the study of pollution source, area and extents.

References

1. Guan Haiyan, the research of coal bed thermal IR radiation. Proceedings of the Seminar on Remote Sensing for Geological Applicaitons, 1984, pp. 535-547.



2. Yang Qi and Han Dexin ed)., Coal Geology, Vol.1, Coal Publishing House (in Chinese) , 1984 pp. 209-248.



3. Zhu Liangpu, Cheng Jicheng, Pan Deyang and Fan Xinqi., A Course of Geologcal Interpretation of Remote Sensing Image, Geological Publishing House (In Chinese), 1981, pp. 324-340.



4. Guan Haiyan, Acta Geological Sinica (in Elglish). VOl. 2 (1989), No 3, pp 253-269.