Integrated utilization of Remote Sensing and GIS in Shashi's urban general planning
Chen Jun, Qiu Zhaoyue
Wuhan Technical University of Surveying and Mapping
Wuhan, China
Abstract
Since 1986, remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) techniques have been used by the authors to assist urban planning and management in Hubei Province, China. This paper described the methodology and practices of integrated utilized of multidate airphotos, satellite imagery and GIS in Shashi's urban general planning.
Introduction
Urban general planning is based various types of data (including physical environment, resource distribution, urban landuse and utility, socio-economic development etc) and comprehensive analysis. As far as the basic urban data is concerned , not only quantitative composition and geographic distribution of the relevant urban phenomena in different scales are required, but also the changing characteristics or dynamic process of some phenomena are needed. On the other hand, a large number of facts and /or extensive calculations need to be processed for the simulation of physical situations by means of mathematic methods, for the systemato-logical and synthetic analysis, comparison and selection of alternative plans.
In order to meet with these requirements, remote sensing and GIS techniques have been used by the authors to support urban general planning in the middle sized cities in Hubei Province, China. In the urban general planning of Shashi, sequential airphotos and satellite imagery are used to collect more complete, accurate, reliable basic urban data, and GIS is used to assist urban environmental quality accessment, traffic volume forecast and analysis, socio-economic development forecast.
Comprehensive survey of basic urban data using Remote Sensing methods
As we may see from Table 1, the large-scale air photos taken in March 1989 were used for collecting the basic urban data in urban construction area, planning area, as well as in some specific zones. TM and MSS imageries were used mainly to collect basic data in regional scale and to study some specific phenomena in the planning area, Sequential airphotos and satellite imageries were used for urban change (or expansion) analysis, urban landuse plan implementation checking, river and lake change analysis.
Table 1. The airphotos and satelite imagesries used in Shashi's urban planning
| No |
Year |
Type |
Photo scale or IFOV |
Remarks |
| 1 |
1957 |
black and white 18x18 |
1: 60 000 |
|
| 2 |
1977 |
pancramatic 18x18 |
1 : 20 000 |
|
| 3 |
1989 |
infra-red 23x23 |
1: 12 000 |
|
| 4 |
1989 |
panchromatic 23x23 |
1 : 2 800 |
|
| 5 |
1976 |
Landsat MSS |
79mx56m |
|
| 6 |
1986 |
Landsat TM |
30m x30m |
|
Table 2. Basic urban data collection by integrated utilization of remote
sensing and auxiliary data.
| Levell |
Contents |
Regional level
( 11. 000 km2) |
1.1 Regional geological linear features and fault structures:
1.2 Geographic distribution and change of rivers and lakes:
1.3 Regional land form land covers:
1.4 Geographic characteristics of cities and towns in the region:.
1.5 Dynamic hydrological phenomena (breached reach of Yangtz river
etc). |
Planning area
( 300km2) |
2.1 land occupation and relevant quantities:
2.2 unfavorable geographic phenomena for urban contraction:
2.3 touristic landscape, ruins of ancient
cities |
Urban built-area
(30km2) |
3.1 urban landuse (10 classes 39 sub classes and 31 smallest classes):
3.2 urban densities of each geographic unit (including coverage density, floor area ratio, green coverage, population density,...)
3.3 geographic location of tall
chemenies, escaped wasted water, solid waste, etc:
3.4 urban change and / or expansions (morphology, fringe area,
landuse,....):
3.5 implementation rate of last urban plan and the relevant
causes. |
old - city
(2km2) |
4.1 existing landuse landuse in more detailed classification
4.2 building coverage and floor area ratio for different building classes
etc. |
As far as the technical scheme is concerned, the 1:10,000 air orthophotos and 1: 100,000 satellite and 1:100,000 satellite mosaic were firstly made. The whole planning area was then divided into 135 geographic units according to the spatial homogeneity, natural borders and the existing administrative boundaries. Further study of the geometric and spectral characteristics of urban objects or phenomena were carried out with the help of all available auxiliary data. On the basis of the work, the basic urban data listed in Table 2 were collected. And the intermediate and final results were provdied to urban general planning in the forms of series of thematic maps, alpha-numeric data tables, analytic reports, or data bases..
