Ecological Mapping and evaluation of Mongolian nature based on Remote Sensing Data
Dr. M. Saandar, Dr. D. Gunin
Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Center, Ulaanbaaatar, Mongolia
Summary
The growing negative tendencies changing the Mongolian nature has led to the undertaking of research works on ecological mapping and overall evaluation of the environmental situation as well as on the country's natural resources.
These studies were initially launched in 1988 and are the planned to be completed in 1992. This project is aimed at the mapping of the human-made degradation occurred in the Mongolian natural environment in scale 1:1 000 000 and 1:200 000 based on remote sensing data.
One the basis of the evaluations and results to be made under this project, we deem it necessary to elaborate in cooperation with all interested foreign and national institutions a scientifically well - sounded concept on national ecological programs which will enable us to foresee in time the ecologically critical situations in different regions of Mongolia and to put the resources management on an environmentally safe footing.
The remote sensing based Mongolian natural recourses information system assembles available data on features of the natural environment of Mongolia and was designed to assist decisions in policies on resource use at a central Asian continental scale.
Introduction
The map "Modern condition of ecosystems of Mongolia" on based remote sensing data represents the fundamental cartographic work that gives an information about ecological situation in the whole country and different regions. The analyses of the map may provide obtaining representative data regarding the degree of the anthropogenic pressure on the environment. The map show ecological relations in the system "man-industry-environment" of the different regions and may serve as a reliable cartographic source for developing regional ecological programms and plans for the separate branches of industry, for investigating of the large-scale building sites.
The map "Modern condition of ecosystems of Mongolia" is a mental protection and its execution. Also this map is a document, that is necessary for development of the anthropogenic influence, the reaction of nature, the transformation degree of natural ecosystems and distinguishes regions with dangerous ecological situations in 1990-1991 years.
Mongolia is a country with different contrast and mosaic lands capes. It is supercatena in which forest ecosystems of Siberian type are mixed with steppen and extraaring ecosystems of Central Asian type. As a result of marked degree of gypsometric height ( average altitude in Mongolia equals 1589 m), peculiar orographic estrangement from moist air streams, long season influence of formed here
anticyclone and other factors, all developing ecosystems showed aired tendencies, which intensified their vulnerability, little adaptation, ecologic unstability during development.
