Integration of Remote Sensing Data With GIS Technology
for the Acceleration of the Activities
in National Mapping Agencies
Issue of New Integrated GIS Design
In the technological and institutional side, potential and problems have been mentioned. The proposed structure (figure 1.0) is to accelerate the activities in a national mapping agencies and this integrated approach permits exploitation of multiple data sources and provides accelerated mapping capabilities.
Figure 1.0: Integrated GIS System
It is possible to input vector data as well as raster format data to above proposed integrated data base model.
Existing analogue form maps can be convert to digital form by manual digitizing or scanning. The digital photogrammetric and digital form field survey data can connected to the databases directly. In this case user can get digital form map as well as analogue form maps. The advantage of use of Remote Sensing data is updating all topographic maps and thematic maps within a short time period. Hence, always possible to supply correct information to user. Further more, this data base can provide not only map information but also statistics and reports.
Since the capability thus exist to implementation the proposed structure, Survey and Mapping organizations should examine the major obstacles which have been encountered to date. The impact of automationon the need of software system architecture, hardware system .architecture and education and training to be recognized.
Software System Architecture
Software system architecture means this "Organizational Context" within .which all the software modules, programs etc. perform certain tasks and communicate with each other and data stores. It reflects the processes r or group of processes defined in the logical architecture.
The software should be selected which has capability for data capture by
manual digitizing or scanning, Remote Sensing data on tape and digital
form field survey data. Attribute data should be able to enter from
alpha-numeric terminals.
Database management system interface should be capable of providing search/query facility to access graphical display from the database to , satisfy a certain search criteria to display certain map elements and also in the opposite direction to access the database from graphical display to textural attribute information about certain map elements and generate a report about them. Also it should have possibility for
editing and utility programs to improve the quality of graphical data. Specially there should be image processing system to process and class1fy Remote Sens1ng data.
Software system should be able to give out put in paper plot either as verification plot to check the data quality or precision final plots from graphical out put and attribute data in report form. Also it should
be possible to out put digital map sheet on tape as back-up tapes.
Hardware System Architecture
The hardware system should be chosen to match the system capability requirements to perform the task imposed by the logical model and the performance requirements necessary for the software system capabilities.
Education and Training
To implement the database model have to give training to persons with necessary and innovative skills to manage the transition from existing analogue to digital technologies and to decide how conventional and new processes can best be integrated to optimally serve user needs.
Conclusion
Integration of Remote Sensing and GIS technologies will significantly
promoted the ability to handle geo-information. It is possible to obtain 1
high benefits in producing and updating maps with proposed system. It has facilities to do repetitive task without complaining, sort things fast, draw and store points, lines or area fastly and retrieving of geo-
information rapidly. Thus the new system leads to geo-information which,
are accurate and reliable in rather short time for decision making.
But some times it takes the same time to do a job the first time whether using a computer or by hand. The difference is on the second or third time around, repeating the process with only a few changes to make anew map.
References
-
Fangju Wang, 00 Integrating GIS's and Remote Sensing Image
Analysis Systems by Unifying Knowledge Representation Schemes", IEEE Transactions on Geo Science and Remote
Sensing, 1991.
- Manfred Ehlers, "Remote Sensing and Geo Information Systems : Towards Integrated Spatial Information Processing", IEEE Transactions on Geo Science and Remote Sensing, 1990.
- Manfred Ehlers, Geoffry Edwards, Yvan Bedard,"Integration of Remote Sensing with Geographic Information System: A necessary evolution", International Journal of
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 1990.
- John Leatheradle,"New Strategies for Funding Mapping and Land Information System", Conference of Common Wealth Surveyors, 1991.
- Samet H.,"The Quad tree and Related Hierarchical Data Structures", ACM Comput. Surveys, vol.16, 1984.
