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Mapping from Space
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An Archaeolgical Application of synthetic Radar (SAR) in Thailand
5 Result
Archaeological site can be easily identify by man made shape of circular from which is one of the ancient town or city pattern in northeaster Thailand [1}.remaining earth wall in the east , facing to the radar beam , appear in white tone and the back side is shadow . some part of the moat where , water still remain , apparel in very dark tone. The ancient town covers by cultivated land , rice is the major crop , the second is jute and the rest are vagetable mango , coconut and banana. Early dry season of November , is beginning of the harvesting season. Some rice field were harvested, but some were not , it shows different tone in the cultived land , depends on the stage of growing , mature rice standing as the same height and smooth texture appear in gray tone, where white tone shows the area with some moisture ,and dark linear.
appear in gray tone, where white tone shows the area with some moisture, and dark linear irregular shape is stream channel and ox-bow lake. A Buddhist altar was found on the remaining ancient wall in the South, where there was the trace of hard construction material (broken laterite) was found. The red sandstone alter is 2 m. long, 0.60 m. wide and 0.30 m. high. Doubt, it used to be an ancient gate. Broken potteries were also found in the ancient town. The result identification can be summarized as table below.
Table 1 Summary of Some Important Identification.
| Feature |
SAR C-B and HH |
Color Composit Airphoto+SAR+SAR |
Color CompositeTM+SAR+SAR |
| Archaeological Site (circular shape) |
Very clear shape |
Very clear shape |
Clear shape |
| Water body |
Very dark |
Dark, red, blue |
Red |
| Cultivated area |
White to gray |
White, light blue-blue |
White, red, light blue-blue |
An archaeological site, detected by SAR imagery, consists of a pair of concentric ancient moats which one surrounded an ancient town called "Muang Ham Hork". Geographical Location, diameter and area of the ancient town were determined by MGE software, the result is presented as below.
| Location (center of the town): |
154317"Latitute North and 101o 56' 57" Longitude East |
| Diameter: |
1,625 meters |
| Radius: |
814.5 meters |
| Area (r2): |
2,085,003.64 sq.meters |
| Area approximately: |
20.85003 hectare or 1,303.1 rai (Thai area unit) |
6. Conclusion and Discussion
The result of the study shows the ability of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to detect an archaeological site and it's present landuse. Even the ancient town of "Muang Ham Hork" has been registered to the Department of Fine Arts since 1936 [5]. The town is still using for agriculture . It seem to be the villagers ignore this valuable archaeological site of the ancient town. There are important evidence were found in the present land use of the site are showed in figure 2.
Figure 2:
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Buddhist altar
- Broken pottery
- Track along the inner side of the ancient earth wall
- Present land use (Agriculture Land)
- Ancient moat
Figure 2 SAR image: Archaeological site "Muang Ham Hork", shows the location of the archaeological evidences.
7.Reference
- Praphattong. K., Histroocal Archaelogy. Department of Fine Arts. Bangkok, Thailand p.p. 87-94, 1986.
- Remote Sensing Center Resarch and Technology Development, Radar Imagery: Theory and Lecture Note, RSC Series No. 67. Food and and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation Rome, p.p. 19-25, 1993
- Natural Resources Canada, Radar Basics: Introduction to Synthetic Aperture Radar Remote Sensing. Technology Transfer, Training & Development Section, 76 pages, 1994.
- Radar SAT International, Introduction to Radar SAT and It's use in project planning and execution. Globe SAR Regional Workshop Bangkok, Thailand, November 28-December 2, 1994.
- Suppajanya, T., Study of ancient cities from aerial photograph. Chularong khorn University 1 sheet, 19…
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