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Geology
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Geological and Mineral Prospecting in the Kuala Kelawang
area using Remote Sensing and GIS Tecniques
Azlikamil Napiah, Dr. Nguyen Ngoc Thach, Adnan Hj. Ismail
and Nik Nasruddin Mahmood
Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES)
P. O. Box 208, Lot CB100, 5th Floor, City Square Centre,
Jalan Tun Razak 50400 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
E-mail :azli@mail.macres.giv.my
Abstract
Kuala Kelawang area located at northwest of Negeri Sembilan Malaysia, exhibits various types of lithology and complicated landforms with complex tectonic settings. By using satellite data (Landsat TM), a lot more information can be extracted, especially for geological applications. Integration between remote sensing and GIS application was applied using ILWIS 1.4 software. Digital techniques used includes band composites, enhancement, band ratio, filtering and Principal Component Analysis. The techniques has produce some valuable products in comparison to the raw data. A number of geological features have been identified and separated into map product such as; rock type, lineament, structure, and others. Results of the study are useful for meteorological testing and geological referencing. In this project, suitable procedures of using remote sensing and GIS techniques for geological study has been established. However, further studies with field checks are necessary to improve the accuracy of each techniques.
Introduction
Malaysia and Vietnam have signed an agreement on scientific, technological and environmental co-operation on 15 December, 1993. Under this agreement remote sensing and related technologies have been identified, as a field of co-operation. This project was apart of information system (GIS). The objectives of this projects are;
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To establish a procedures of visual interpretation techniques in geology using satellite data.
- To generate a geological map, a geomorphological map, and a mineral prospecting map of Kuala Kelawang area in 1:100,000 scale.
Method and materials
- Materials
The study areas was chosen in the Kuala Kelawang, Negeri Sembilan. The study area consisted of an area of about 30 Km2 x 20 Km2. The area comprises about 1200km2 primary forest, hi[m1]lly to mountainous country and the rock formation ranges from Lower Paleozoic to Quaternary with different type of rocks; metamorphic, sedimentary and igneous.
Landsat TM (Thematic Mapper) digital spectral data taken on 2/4/94 (path/row 127/58) were used in this study. The scene of Landsat digital data were selected because of their small percentage of cloud cover and of their suitable time interval. A topographic map sheet number 95 at scale 1:63,360 were used as based and reference map, respectively. This is to support the satellite imageries. These were also used to aid in ground truthing - visual analysis and interpretation. The MicroVax system. Meridian version 5.2 and IL WIS version 1.4 was used in this study. The MicroVax system was used for loading the satellite data from CCT tape which was supply by NRCT, Thailand. The Meridian software was applied in the geocoding process of satellite data, while the ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System) was used especially for further digital analysis, processing and classification of satellite imagery.
- Methodology
In order to improve the information form the imagery, both of digital processing and visual interpretation has been applied. The procedures followed in this study are shown as below (figure 1);
Figure 1: Methodology flow chart
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