|
|
|
Land Use
|
Operational Urban Sprawl Monitoring using Satellite
Remote Sensing: Excerpts from the Studies of Ahmedabad, Vadodara and Surat, India*
Objective, Study Area and Data Used
Broad objectives are: I) to delineate major urban land uses classes (wider in geographical sense) using IRS LISS - II satellite data ii) mapping and analysis of trends of urban spread and its emerging urban structure iii) to evaluate the usefulness of IRS satellite data in conjunction with 'topographical maps' for consistent mapping of growth profiles of urban sprawling. The study conducted in three major metropolitan cities of Gujrat state in Western India. All these three cities are located or along the river or riverine plains.
| Study Area |
Topographical |
IRS-LISS-II |
SPOT PLA |
| a. Ahmedabad |
1956/68,1972 |
21.10.90 |
13.01.88 |
| b. Vadodatra |
1955/56, 1970 |
5.3.89 |
23.11.90 |
| c. Surat |
1949, 1972 |
5.3.89 |
1.4.89 |
Methodology
Based upon the visual interpretation techniques of satellite data, various land uses have been interpretation and delineated. Major attention is given to delineate the broader levels of land use zones within the old city areas, the details are classified oriented towards urban structure rather than typical land use/cover mapping. Feature verification and incorporation done using SPOT data, wherever necessary in order to ascertain typical land use zones like emerging built-up zones, areas under sparse built up/under development. The earliest IRS satellite data based demonstrative studies shown the potentiality of possible applications in urban settlement analysis (pathan and Jothimani, 1989; Pathan et al 1991, Raghavswamy et al 1989, Behera et al 1990) and its also utility of LISS -II in urban related applications. Thus this tudy was aimed only to map regional settlement land use patterns such as dense built-up, sparese built-up, built-up mixed with habitations, industrial zones, recreational areas, open/vacant spaces and the emerging settlement clusters. Features verifications and incorporations were done using SPOT MLA data where ever necessary. IRS LISS -II data based delineation of land use clases enabled to identify the emerging land use zones to associate and analyze the spatial pattern of growth profiles and its pattern of evolution.
Results and Discussion
-
Ahmedabad
Earlier attempts on urban sprawl mapping on 1:50,000 scale with visual and digital interpretation techniques using the muti-data satellite (Landsat MSS, TM and SOPT MLA/PLA) data by Pathan et al, (1991); land use change studies using Landsat MSS data of 1975 and 1982 by Rao et al, (1983) reveal the overall the overall growth of built -up (both residential and industrial) areas into the peripheral rural areas. As on 1973, from Surveyof India Topographical maps (hereafter called as 'topomaps') of 1973/70 (surveyed 1970/1956 respectively) shows that the city was spread upto Vastrapur (S), Vasna (SW), Chandola lake/maleksabhan stadium (S), Sabarmathi(NE), and isolated industrial suburbs of Vatva and
narol (extreme South). The 1990 satellite data revealed that the spread is haphazard and sporadic in the West (Jodhpur/Vejalpur/Vastrapur and upto Sarhkej highway) as well as in isolated clusters beyond the metropolitan boundary (Bopal and Ghuma villages). There are also ribbon development patterns along the railway line towards Vatva, a industrial node in the South and along the road (Highways) network near Nariol- Lambha, Vasna- Sarkhej in Southwest, Ramol and Vinjhol in SouthEast, and Odhav industrial suburbs in East. The spread is also observed beyong Ghatlodhia, Sola and Thaltej in Northwest (bordering the highway) and also towards Chandkheda Cricket stadium near Motera village.
- Vadodara
Urban spread was delineated using 'top maps' of 1960 and 1973 (surveyed in 1955-56 and 1969-70 respectively). Exiting pattern of built-up area was delineated using 1989 IRS LISS-II data. It was observed the rural-urban fringe was located near Alkapuri (NW), Danteshwar (SE) and Harni (E) during 1960s. During 1973 urban clustes were seen near Gorwa, GSFC industrial estates ans also near Bajwa (NW). Growth is also observe near the residential areas in the South. The study of land use expansion using satellite dat aof 1985 outlined the faster expansion of residential areas near the industrial belt of GSFC (Trevor1989). The recent IRS-LISS II satellite data of 1990 (also verified with the SPOT MLA data of Nov,1990) shows sprawling along the extensive tracts of Western Alkapuri, emergence of industrial estates near Nandesari andRanodi and the continuance of sprawl near Harni (N) and beyond Dantehwar (NE) areas. It is also there is adevelopment of site northeast of Airport.
- Surat
As observes from 1951 top map (surveyed in 1949) the built-up area limits were just confined to Bhestan (S) and Vireo village in nourth bordering estern banks of river Tapti and an isolated cluster of Udban in the south-east and Adajan to the west of the river. During early eighties (from the topomap-surveyed in (1970-72) the longitudinal belt of suburbs bordering east of river Tapti, west of Udhna, near Aadjan in northwest of th eriver and the eastern suburds were the peripheral areas of the main urban core of the city. Earlier attempt of land use change detection using aerial photos also recealed the growth ternds in the suburban areas (Kalubarme et al 1985). The observations based on the satellite data of IRS-LISS II of 1990(verified with SPOT MLA data of Nov 1990) showed the ribbon development, all along the transportation network, especially between the river in the railway lines (near Udhna, Bhestan (S) and Magdala, Sarasana (SW) toword airport, Rapid growth was also observed near Adajan. Palanpore, Bhatha and Bhestan (all west of the river) and towords IFFCO/ONGC of Bhatpor/Chipore/Jahangipura in the North. Spare built-up growth also observed along both sides of railway radiating from city towords north, bordering highway road (NH8) in East of the clusters near Udhvan (NE). growth is also observed between road and railway line north of th eriver as well as along the roads, west of the river. The industrial clusters are near southern corridor along th erailway line, where new spare residential areas have also emerged near Pardi kande village.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
