|
|
|
Poster Session 1
|
Generation of Bathymetric Map in the North Caspian Sea using Multi-Temporal Satellite Images, Republic of Kazakhstan
Generation of a Base Map for Seismic Survey Planning
The above bathymetric map was further interpreted and land cover units were also added as supplementary information. Finally, five zones are highlighted on the seismic base map (figure 8) as those to be sources and receivers for seismic data acquisition. The following methods of measurement were designed respectively in three zones of the very shallow water area among five zones shown in Figure 8.
- Zone A: Approximately less than one meter deep. Explosives and geophones should be applied respectively as source and receiver. A cable or radio telemetry system is preferable as a receiving system.
- Zone B: Depth of water exceeds on to five meters, maximum. Air guns and hydrophones should be
applied respectively as source and receiver. A bottom cable or radio telemetry system is preferable as a receiving system.
- Zone R: This is a reed zone along a shoreline. Although depth of water is approximately one meter, a seismic survey could not be conducted by any kind of method during 1997 because deforestation was prohibited within this zone.
Conclusion
- When extracting "the shoreline at annual mean level" from satellite images, the landward limits of the reed along shoreline can be applied for the definition of the shoreline. The previous land area of about 40 kilometers wide has been submerged by a rise in sea level during the period from 1979 to 1997 (18 years) near the oil field.
- The bathymetric map inn the very shallow water area was generated through drawing submarine topographic profiles, and thus the complicated submarine topography was obtained in detail. The land cover were added to this bathymetric map and finally five zones are highlighted on the seismic base map as those to be source and receiver.
- It is very difficult to conduct a seismic survey in a reed along the shoreline without deforestation on the other hand, a shallow water-seismic survey can be conducted in the offshore area, on the basis that an appropriate method of measurement is selected according to the depth of water.
Acknowledgement
The authors are grateful to Mr. Toru KAWAKAMI, General Manager of the Department of Research and Development of the Earth Remote Sensing Data Analysis Center, for permission to present this paper. They also are much indebted to Dr. Oleg A. FEDORENKO, Yuggeo Co. Ltd, who kindly provided technical support during the field verification survey and Dr. Shuji SATO, General Manager of the Exploration Department of Japan Energy Development Co., Ltd., for critical reading of the manuscript.
Selected Reference
-
Nakayama, Y. (1997): Monitoring Changes of Lakes in Central Asia by Satellite Data. Proceeding of the Nihon University International Symposium on Global Environmental and Human Living, p.271-283.
- Sydykov, H.S., Golubsov, V.V. and Kuandykov, B.M. (1995): Caspian Sea and its Coastal Zone. National Scientific Academy of Republic of Kazakhstan, Institute of Hydrogeology and Hydrophysics, Ministry of Science and Technology, Government Company "Kazakhstan -Caspi-Shelf, 211 pp. (in Russian)
Figure 1. Location Map of the Study Area
Figure 2. Multi-Temporal Satellite Images
Figure 3. Curve Showing Changes in Caspian Sea Level
Figure 4. Definition of Shoreline
Figure 5. Recent changes of Shoreline
Figure 6. Recent Changes of Reed Distribution
Figure 7. 1997 Bathmetric Map
Figure 8. Base Map for Seismic Survey Planning
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
