Land Use/Land Cover Mapping of Central Water Shed of Iran Area Based on Satellite Data Interpretation
K. Ahmadi Soroush
Iranian Remote Sensing Center Tehran, Iran.
Abstract
An area of 92125 sqkm located in North-West part of Iranian Central plateau, which is a sub- badip of Iranian Internal
Water- shed, was selected for this Investigation.
The main objective of this investigation were construction of
- Land use map and land cover map
- Measuring of the area cover aqe in all units.
ON the basis of Landsat inquiry and available data which were interpreted, the final map was prepared at scale pf 1:1,000,000.
In the land use map, several major units such as;
Agricultural lands, forest lands, Range lands , Water resources and urban area have been recognized.
Results obtained in this investigation indicate Landsat inquiry could be used for land use and cover mapping in an area and undoubtedly could be considered as a essential tool in our country.
Introduction
There is no doubt that in a country such as Iran. In which large portions of the country fall under the categories of "arid" and "semiarid" land; the capability of mapping land use/land cover is important.
Acknowledge of land use and land cover is important for many planning and management activities concerned with the surface of the earth.
The primary objective of these investigation are to demonstrate the applications are to demonstrate the application of land set data for application of land sat data for organization with information which will assist in resource planning, development and better utilization through management wait5hin Iran.
This report out lines a visual interpretation approach for interpreting and mapping qenera land sat images.
Methodology
In undertaking this study the following steps were performed:
-
Data collection-utilization of all available Landsat inquery of this study area dates, literature review.
- Data interpretation Ladnd use / land cover classification of the central watershed, based on visual analysis and interpretation of available land-sat dates.
- Mapping Landuse/land cover-various landuse/land cover recoqvized and their distribution is shown in the innduse/land cover "map of centeral watershed which is exhibited
General Centraldiscription of the Centralwatershed Location
This study area located in the north west portion of Iranian Central plateau, which is a sub- basin of Iranian internal watershed .
The study area occupies about 92125 sq. km.
This basin in cludes 6 sub-basin terminating the namak lake, they are called open or closed sub- basin is called Arak.
The most important cities in this study area are:
Tehran, Hamedan , Gazvin, Kashan, ,Arak.
The mountainous regions surrounding this watershed ,in higher elevation is14929fin north and lower portion is ab -out 3117 f near Namak Lake.
Climate
Considerable variations in climate can be seen in central watershed .the differences are primarily a result of topography and can generally be expressed in terms of amount of precipitation and length of growing season , Three zones, have been designated for thes stuffy area utilizing a modified koppen system. These zones area-arid, semiarid, moderate.
Precipitation in the region is relatively low as the principal storms that originate in the Mediterranean lose a major portion of their moisture on rising over the Alborz or Zagros ranges. The average annual precipitation for stations in the central region ranges between 350 and 100 millimeters.
Relative humidity varies widely in the region depending on wind, precipitation and altitude.
Water Resources
The water resources of the central watershed are presented in terms of surface water availability and ground water availability Surface water availan9lity the main natural drainage of the basin consist of the Jajrud, Karaj-rud, Ghareh chai, Khar-rud, Ghom-rud that Lerminatr in the Namak Lakes in this region have potential to continue to surface water development, the effect of artificial storage reservoirs will be considered in the supply demand comparisons.
The surface water analysis shows that the water of most rivers in this region can be used for agricultural and industrial purposes and also for municipal use.
Ground water availability- this presentation is largely concerned with the ground water availability of the plains of valliry alluvium of this region the ground water of this area consists of the shallow and deep wells are most important an arid and semiarid area of this watershed, as main source for water.
Geology
By inspection the Tec tomes-map of Iran indicates that the central watershed is composed of the three geological groups: igneous metamorphic and sedimentary.
Most of the region is covered by sedimentary deposits, conglomerates and evaporates of the central Iranian Depression. These deposits are overlaid by volcanic rocks and tuffs .
The area where the Zagros mountain ranges surrounds the inner plateau is generally described as sedimentary , with slight met am orphism.
A small area north-east of Golpayegan also displays metamorphism. The marked salinity within the region results primarily because the evaporation potential exceeds precipitation. This is evidenced by the runoff that flows into the inland basins. The flows subsequently evaporate, leaving a residue of salt concentrates. In addition a number of salt plugs increase the salinity of the natural runoff.
