Remote Sensing Sensor Systems

• Photographic (Air)
• Scanning (Air & Space)
• Radar (Air & Space)
• Lidar (Laser) (Air)
• Videography (Air)

Applications of Aerial Photography in Forestry

Mapping (qualitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover types
• Identify individual species
• Species composition
• Forest fire detection
• Forest fire hazard
• Detecting forest trees health (vigor and stress)
• forest trees diseases and insects infestation
• forest trees under air, soil and water pollution
• Assessment of wind damage and other sever climatic condition
• Detecting deforestation and forest degradation
• Forest monitoring:
• some of the above
• logging activities
• reforestation and afforestation
• Timber harvesting planning
• Forest roads planning
• Forest inventory
• Forest management
• Assessing slope failure and soil erosion
• Assessing and managing forest recreation resources
• Assessing and managing wildlife habitat

Measurements and estimation (quantitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover area measurement
• Number of trees
• Tree height measurement
• Crown cover measurement
• Crown closure measurement
• Crown diameter measurement
• DBH estimation
• Age estimation
• Site estimation
• Timber volume estimation
• Thinning volume estimation
• Basal area estimation
• Annual Growth estimation
• Basal area growth estimation
• Biomass estimation
• Stand size
• Dead, declined trees

Applications of Scanning Sensor System (MSS) in Forestry
Depending on the spatial and spectral resolution (Air or Space and number of spectral bands):

Mapping (qualitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover types
• Identify individual species
• Forest fire detection
• Forest fire hazard
• Detecting forest trees health (vigor and stress)
• forest trees diseases and insects infestation
• forest trees under air, soil and water pollution
• Assessment of wind damage and other sever climatic condition
• Detecting deforestation and forest degradation
• Forest monitoring:
• some of the above
• logging activities
• reforestation and afforestation
• Timber harvesting planning
• Forest roads planning
• Assessing slope failure and soil erosion
• Assessing and managing forest recreation resources
• Assessing and managing wildlife habitat

Measurements and estimation (quantitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover area measurement
• Tree height estimation
• Crown cover estimation
• DBH estimation
• Age estimation
• Timber volume estimation
• Basal area estimation
• Biomass estimation

Applications of Radar Sensor System in Forestry
Depending on the spatial and spectral resolution (Air or Space and number of spectral bands):

Mapping (qualitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover types
• Forest species level mapping
• Mapping flooded forest
• Detecting deforestation and forest degradation
• Monitoring logging activities
• Detecting forest roads
• Mapping burned forest

Measurements and estimation (quantitative): with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover area measurement
• Tree height estimation
• Crown cover estimation
• DBH estimation
• Number of trees per unit area (density)
• Age estimation
• Timber volume estimation
• Basal area estimation
• Biomass estimation

Applications of Lidar (Laser) Sensor System in Forestry: with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Tree height estimation.
• Forest cover types determination.
• Forest trees species differentiation.
• Crown cover or canopy density estimation.
• Forest stands volume estimation.
• Forest stands woody biomass estimation.
• Forest trees water stress detection.
• Forest trees nutrient deficiency

Applications of Aerial Videography in Forestry: with reasonable accuracy 75% and more

• Forest cover types determination.
• Forest trees species differentiation.
• Crown cover or canopy density estimation.
• Detecting forest trees health (vigor and stress)
• forest trees diseases and insects infestation
• Mapping forest trees spatial distribution