Natural-Scientific Approach for Natural Conservation Using GIS
Analysis of Natural Environment
It grasps the place of which the naturalness is of high grade in
vegetation, if it protects biological diversity of the natural park, it
must be protected and maintained. Since it is the one index which
shows ' of which degree remained, in this study, the naturalness
which the ' land has used grade of vegetation naturalness (Table 1)
for the analysis as the index which grasps natural environment.
Table1.Grade of Vegetation Naturalness Item
Natural-
less | Definition |
| 1 | hardly the vegetation |
| 2 | the low artificial vegetation |
| 3 | planting forest from middle to sub tree |
| 4 | low or middle of the secondary grassland |
| 5 | high in the secondary grassland |
| 6 | the plantation |
| 7 | the secondary forest |
| 8 | almost a natural vegetation |
| 9 | natural vegetation of the multiple |
| 10 | natural vegetation of the simple species |
Though vegetation 1975(fig. 10, table 2) was about 90% at
naturalness 2(the low artificial vegetation), when it tried to analyze
the transition of the vegetation, in 1985 (Fig. 11, table 3), showed
about 80% of naturalness lowered. Fig. 12can confirms the
difference. With the analysis of the grade of the vegetation
naturalness, Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae was decreased,
and was the result. However, the naturalness of the study area is
yet high even in it.
Table 2. Vegetation Item (1975)
| Legend | Vegetation |
| 1 | Vaccinio-Pinetum pumilae |
| 3 | Alpine tall herb stands |
| 6 | Abietum mariesii |
| 7 | Sasa spp.-Betula ermanii community |
| 8 | Alnus maximowiczil community |
| 9 | Sasa kurilensis community |
| 10 | Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae |
| 11 | Thuja standishii-Pius parviflora community |
| 12 | Polysticho-Pterocaryetum |
| 13 | Alnus pendula-Weigela hostensis community |
| 27 | Cryptomeria japonica plantation |
| 40 | Open water |
| 41 | Natural bare land |
| 42 | Sasa kurilensis community |
Table 3. Vegetation Item (1985)
| Legend | Vegetation |
| 1 | Vaccinio-Pinetum pumilae |
| 7 | Faurio-Caricetum blepharicarpae |
| 8 | Abies mariesii-Betula ermanii forest |
| 9 | Abietum mariesii |
| 10 | Abies mariesii-Fagus crenata community |
| 11 | Sasa spp.-Betula ermanii community |
| 12 | Alnus maximowiczil community |
| 13 | Trollio-Ranunculion acris japonicae |
| 14 | Sasa spp. community |
| 15 | Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae |
| 16 | Thuja standishii-Pius parviflora community |
| 17 | Polysticho-Pterocaryetum |
| 22 | Altherbosa |
| 24 | Fagus crenate-Quercus mongolica var.grosseserrata community |
| 25 | Castanea crenate-Quercus mongolica var.grosseserrata community |
| 27 | Miscanthion sinensis |
| 47 | Phragmitetum japonicae |
| 53 | Cryptomeria japonica,Chamaecyparis obtusa,Chamaecyparis pisifera plantation |
| 66 | Paddy-field weed communities |
| 69 | Urban and residential district with many trees |
| 74 | Open water |
| 75 | Natural bare land |
There is the relation which is close with soil and
slope, since it becomes a factor of landslide and
avalanche. Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae of
naturalness of 2 was widely distributed in Brown
Forest Soils for old vegetation and new vegetation
as the remarkable point in the analysis, and it
occupied about 30-40% of the study area. In the
old vegetation, Rock Land occupied about 20%,
and in the new vegetation, Wet Podzolic Soils
occupied about 20%. Regosoils occupied 30% on
the soil of (450ha) in the landslide ground which
was made from the aerial photography.
In the analysis of the geology, it could not regard
noticed change as old vegetation or new vegetation.
Fig. 11 Grade of Vegetation Naturalness(1985)
Fig. 12 Overlay Analysis for Vegetation
Rhvolotic Welded Phroclastic Rocks in which about 80% of Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae of the 2 grade
of vegetation naturalness grew occupied about 60% of the whole area.
A slope of 30-50degree increases the danger of a land collapse in. In the analysis, it was distributed for slope
30 –50 degree of both of the naturalness of 2 for about 50%. Altherbosa and Natural bare land mainly existed
in the geography condition of the study area in the place of over 30 of degree. However, there is seldom the
danger, when noticing point separates from the rill parallel a little.
The landslide is frequent due to weather condition and geography condition. In the inclinatio in the landslide
ground, the Regosoils soil saw over 15% over 40-50 degree. It seems that and, there is the relation here with
geology (lternation of Sandstone and Mudstone).
The relation between sunshine and its duration which raises the plant is deep for the slope azimuth. The type
of the vegetation is different from the speed of the growth by its direction. The azimuth was generally
distributed for naturalness of 2, when it classifies the slope azimuth as 8, it regards the naturalness as a relation,
since most vegetation is distributed for the naturalness of 2. Especially, 30% of Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion
crenatae accupied the whole of west plane occupied whole about.
Conclusion
Saseto-kurilensae-Fagion crenatae Fagion crenatae primary forest which occupies most of the study area
comes in at 9 grade of vegetation naturalness. It does not go, if 9 grade of vegetation naturalness does not try
for the protection, since academically important vegetation, mainly grows. And, Brown Forest Soils of the
forest productivity is usual, and it ought to avoid the modification of the soil, since the land productivity is low
for Podzolic Soils. Though steep geography condition is the characteristics of the study area there was the
danger in which the slope failure could be generated. Altherbosas, etc. grew by it, and it became the important
inhabiting field of the animal. This study will propose natural resource in an attempt to protect conservation of
a diversity of natural environment to be considered with the viewpoint in the approach for natural
environment.
References
- Harashina, K. Tsynekawa, A. Takeuchi, K. and Takatsuki, S. (1999): Relationships between Connectivity of
Forests and Distributions of Terrestrial Mammals in Honshu, Japan of the Japanese Institute of Landscape
Architecture, Vol.62(5), 569-572.
- Choi, B., Koyanagi, T. and Itoga, R.(1999): Fundamental on the natural Environmental Assessment and
Environmental Consideration to Using GIS, Japan Soc. Environmental Systems Research, Vol.27, 549-554.
