Integrated Ground Water Resources Mapping in Gurgaon District, (Haryana) India
using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques
B. V. M. Rao Toleti, B. S. Chaudhary, K. E. Mothi Kumar, G. P. Saroha,
Manoj Yadav, Ajeet Singh, M. P. Sharma, A. C. Pandey and P. K. Singh
Scientists, Haryana State Remote Sensing Application Centre
(Deptt. of Sci. & Tech., Govt. of Haryana)
CCS HAU Campus, Hisar 125 004, Haryana, India
Phone (01662) 31045-47, 32632; Fax 25958
Email: harsac@vsnl.net.in
Key Words :
Hydrogeomorphology, Ground Water Resources, Integration, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
Abstract :
This paper mainly deals with the preparation of Integrated Ground Water Resource (IGWR) map indicating ground water prospects, quality and depth. Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS-1C) geocoded false colour composites of Gurgaon district have been used for preparation of hydrogeomorphological map. The northern part of the district is occupied with quaternary alluvium and southern and south eastern part is occupied by precambrian metasediments of Delhi systems. The land form of this district is formed by fluvial, structural and denudational origins. The main hydrogeomorphic units mapped are alluvial plain, alluvial plain with sand cover, valley fills, interrmontane valley/basin, structural hills, residual hills, buried pediments, linear ridges along with lineaments. Each geomorphic unit is assessed for probable ground water potentiality. Depth to water table and well location data has been collected form Ground Water Cell, Department of Agriculture, Haryana. The prepared hydrogeomorphology, ground water quality and depth maps have been digitized in Arc/Info GIS environment. In order to provide more useful information on ground water resources, the authors have developed a methodology on integrated ground water resource map on 1:50,000 scale using remote sensing and conventional data in GIS environment. The IGWR map thus prepared gives information on ground water potential, quality and depth to water level at any given location. This information is very useful in narrowing down the target areas for siting bore wells. This will result in significant saving of time and cost.
1. Introduction
Water is the most vital requirement for mankind. Ground water constitutes a major portion of the earths water circulatory system known as hydrologic cycle. Ground water occurs in permeable geologic formation known as aquifer, i.e. formation having structure that can store and transmit water at rates fast enough to supply reasonable amounts to wells. In recent years much progress has been made in the application of remote sensing techniques to ground water. Exploration procedures can ideally adopt remote sensing as the first step to be followed by field geological studies, geophysical prospecting and test drilling. This helps in concentrating the field efforts in areas where greater potential exists and eliminating other zones, thus reducing the cost and time involved in exploration procedures. The advent of Geographical Information Systems (GIS) has added new vistas in the field of ground water resources mapping and management. It helps in the integrating remotely sensed derived data with ancillary data to have more precise and correct information about various factors involved in the ground water resources management. Studies are being targeted in this direction by many authors (Prakash 1993, Roy & Ray 1993, Chaudhary et al 1996 and Ravindran & Jeyram 1997). Present study emphasize on getting the information on ground water prospects, depth and quality from the prepared IGWR map.