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ACRS 2002


Data Processing, Algorithm and Modelling


An auto-multivariate model of muntjacs habitat use for a geographic information system in southern Taiwan


However, since the logistic predicts the OI values which gives the distribution of suitability of habitat instead of the absent/present of Muntjac, if the distance to observed OI value was to be used, the matching coefficient increased to 85% (Table 3).

Table 3. Matching counts of differences between predicted sample and observed sample for logistic model

Simple matching coefficient=86/103=0.84
*: 5 samples were matched exactly

Overall, the auto-multivariate model of Reeves’ Muntjac agrees with field survey and field experience, therefore, provides good estimation of distribution. In this study, landscape variables are proofed to be useful explanatory variable for Muntjac distribution model. Part of the reason for the high prediction rate of using landscape variables only may because of Muntjac is a more common species that is not very selective for their habitat. If habitat use of other species were to be assessed, other explanatory variables such as vegetation species and vegetation structure may have to be included.

Literature Cited
  • Anselin, L. 1993. Discrete space autoregressive models. – In: Goodchild, M.R., B.O. Parks and L.T. Steyaert (eds) Environmental modeling with GIS. Oxford Univ. Press. Pp.454-469.
  • Augustin, N.H., M.A. Mugglestone, and S.T. Buckland. 1996. An autologistic model for the spatial distribution of wildlife. J. of Applied Ecology 33:339-347.
  • Brito, J.C., E.G. Crespo, and O.S. Paulo. 1999. Modelling wildlife distributions: logistic multiple regression vs overlap analysis. Ecography 22:251-260.
  • Buckland, S.T. and D.A. Elston. 1993. Empirical models for the spatial distribution of wildlife. J. of Applied Ecology 30:478-495.
  • Buckland, S.T. D.A. Elston, and S.J. Beaney. 1996. Predicting distributional change, with application to bird distributions in northeast Scotland. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 5:66-84. Chapman, N., S. Harris, and A. Stanford. 1994. Reeves ’ Muntjac Muntiacus reevesi in Britain: their history, spread, habitat selection, and the role of human intervention in accelerating their dispersal. Mammal Rev. 24(3): 113-160.
  • Cheng, C. C., C. C. Chang, C. K. Liu. 2002. Application of geographic information system of vegetation distribution for the LiuKuei ecosystem management area. Taiwan J For Sci 17(2):195-203.
  • Clark, J. D., J.E. Dunn, and K.G. Smith. 1993. A multivariate model of female black bear habitat use for a Geographic Information System. J. Wildlife Management: 57(3): 519-526.
  • Gros, P.M. and M. Rejmanek. 1999. Status and habitat preferences of Uganda cheetahs: an attempt to predict carnivore occurrence based on vegetation structure. Biodiversity and Conservation 8: 1561-1583.
  • Hofmann, R.R. 1985. Digestive physiology of the deer-their morphophysiological specialization and adaptation. Bull. R. Soc. N.Z. No. 22:393-407.
  • McCullough, D.R. 1974. Status of larger mammals in Taiwan. Taiwan Tourism Bureau, Ta ipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
  • McCullough, Dale R., Kurtis C.J. Pei, and Y. Wang. 2000. Home range, activity patterns, and habitat relations of Reeves’ muntjacs in Taiwan. J. of wildlife managemeng 64(2):430-441.?McKenney D.W., R.S. Rempel, L.A. Venier, Y. Wang, and A.R. Bisset. 1998. Development and application of a spatially explicit moose population model. Can. J. Zool. 76: 1922-1931.
  • Howell, C.A., S.C. Latta, T.M. Donovan, P.A. Porneluzi, G.R. Parks, and J. Faaborg. 2000. Landscape effects mediate breeding bird abundance in Midwestern forests. Landscape Ecology 15:547-562.
  • Pei, K. 1998. An evaluation of using auto-trigger cameras to record activity patterns of wild animals. Taiwan J. For. Sci. 13(4): 317-324.
  • Pei, K., Chen, C. T., Wu, S. T. and Teng, M. C. 1997. Use of auto-trigger camera and Geographic Information System to study spatial distribution of forest wildlife. Q. Jour. Chin. For. 30(3): 279-289.
  • Whittaker, R. H. 1960. Vegetation of the Siskiyou mountains, Oregon and California. Ecological Monographs 30(3):279-338.
  • Sheng, H. 1992. The deer in China. East China Normal Unibersity Press, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China.
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