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Land Use/Land Cover
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Changing urban land use and its impact on the environment ( A Case Study Of Jaipur City )
Third landuse is the wasteland which has not shown significant decreasing trend. The total wasteland
that includes sandy, gullied, saline, rocky and mining spoils was 18.06 sq.km (4.68%) in the year 1975
has only been reduced to 15.84 sq.km (4.10%) . The significant reduction can been seen in sandy area
which was 3.76 percent in 1975 which has been reduced to 0.98 percent in 1991. This may be because
of construction of housing colonies by Rajasthan Housing Board in the out Scurd areas. Fourth and
important Urban Landuse is industrial area. For economic development urbanisation and industrialization
go hand in had wherever potentialities exist, it is considered to be a good sign for the development of any
city. Jaipur had and 34.98 sq.km (9.07%) area under industries in 1975 which has been increased to
44.34 sq.km (11.49%) by 1991. This is because of many industrial schemes have been announced by the
government to promote the industrial activities in the state in general and Jaipur in particular.
Impact of Landuse on Hydrological regime
The hydrology of Jaipur is governed by physical characteristics of landscape and geology. The city is
surrounded hills Intermountain valleys, pediments and sandy plains. In northern and eastern parts, the.Aravalli hill ranges, trending north, east-south, west alternating with intermountain valleys, constitute
significant signatures of physiography. There are as man as 518 rivulets originates from these hill ranges
out of them 398 are of its order, 92 second order, 25 third order and 3 are of 4 th order streams. In early
stage the city expansion was restricted to food hills only and no drainage system was disturbed. But as
the expansion took place, people started filling diverting and blocking the stream. At many places the
natural streams were used to dump the garbage. As a result 150 streams out of which 113 1st order 37
second order and 10 are of third order stream are blocked or filled for the construction purpose due to
expansion of Jaipur city. It has a directs bearing on the availability of surface as well as ground water.
Now the water of these stream goes waste as a flood water in the street of urban areas or flows in the
urban sewerage system. Simultaneously all the household of the new constructed colonies sewerage
are opened in the natural drainage system, that causes the pollution of surface as well as ground water.
Second important impact of the expansion of builtup area is seen in relation to hydro-geo-morphology.
Most of the area, about 65 percent is covered by alluvial plain which is good for ground water probability
and ground water recharge. Second largest area is under pediment and intermountain valleys which
moderate from ground water point of view. Now it is clear from the table I that out of the total 65 percent
alluvial area which was under agricultural Land has reduced to 39 percent this reduction has a negative
impact on ground water. It is observed that the ground water of these area have also gone down by 5.97m
in HCM Training institute, 1.69m in Jhotwara area, 1.81 m at Army Cant (study conducted by Rajasthan
Ground water Board).
Impact of Landuse on Agriculture
Agriculture is the Primary occupation of the rural people. Prior to 1964 the wall city had hardly any
agricultural area but from 1965 to 1972 about 256 village were merged in the urban boundary. Natural they
had a very good agricultural practice because of good alluvial soil and water. But due to urbanisation all
fertile land were occupied by the colonizer or industrialist. As a result the agricultural area and products
have declined. If we look at the table. It seems hardly any change in the crop land but fallow land has
been decreased a lot from 31.53 percent to 5.52 percent. But if we look at the geographical position of the
crop land it has shifted from plain area to a dirty nallah or clean farms to sewerage farms. Now all
agricultural activities in Jaipur municipal area is restricted to Armani shah Nallah which a large sewer
drainage flowing from north of Jaipur to south in Sanganer and mearges in the Dhund river. The farmer take
wheat, sugarcane, Barley an d all most all vegetables in winter and summer from this large nallah. It
creates severe health hazards.
Conclusion
The continues change in the Urban landuse of a city is the utmost concern of urban planners and
decision-makers. The rapid increase of urban population and the urbanisation leaders to an ever increasing
demand on the urban environment. The unplanned expansion of cities and encroachments by people for
various purposes pose serious problems to the environment and the people living in the area. Therefore it
is very much necessary to monitor the landuse and its changes in periodical frame. Remote Sensing is
the best technology which provides the periodical data with high resolution that can be used to defect the
changes and also evaluate its negative and positive impact. By carry out this exercise one may remove
the negative impact of landuse in the process of its change or may suggest some remedial measures.
As far as the Jaipur city is concern a new master development plan – 2011 is in the process of
implementation where in about 6 towns and 342 villages on the periphery of Jaipur will be mearged in the
urban agglomerates. If remote sensing technique is used to monitor the changing landuse of new Jaipur
agglomerates a lot of urban environmental problems will be solved in advance
References
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- Deckshatulu, B.L., 1987. Remote Sensing for studies on land Transformation. in proceedings of
National Symposium on Remote Sensing in Land Transformation and Management. p. 110.
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Belmont (Calif.): Buxbary.
- Harvey, D., 1975. The Human Consequences of Urbanization. Annals of the Assocication. of Arnerican
Geographers, Vol. 65, pp. 99-103.
- Imperial Gazetteer of India. 1908. Vol. XIII, pp. 399-402.
- Jaipur Development Authority. 1976. Master Plan of Jaipur.
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Environment Management: Allahabad. University of Allahabad.
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Perspective. Pp. 134-135..
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