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Agroclimatic zoning of Azarbayjan-Sharghi province for rainfed almond using GIS
Geographical distribution of MAI
Moisture available index(MAI) is one of the most important factors in dryland farming.MAI obtained by effective rainfall devided by evapotaranspiration according to:
MAI = Pe/ETC
Where Pe is the sum of effective rainfall and ETC is total crop (Almond) evapotranspiration in the growing season.
Geographical distribution of MAI was obtained in same approach as PCO.Four distingushed areas can be recognized from MAI map(Fig(2-4)) as following:
Areas in which MAI was more than 0.60 are known as the first class.
Areas in which MAI was between 0.40 to 0.60 are known as the second class.
Areas in which MAI was between 0.20 to 0.40 are known as the third class.
Areas in which MAI was less than 0.20 are known as the fourth class.
Table(4-1): The criteriaes determined suitability of area to Almond dryland farming
| Class |
Parameter |
PCO |
POAP |
MAI |
SSPAR |
POGS |
| Very suitable |
<0.25 |
>0.80 |
>0.60 |
>0.60 |
>0.85 |
| Suitable |
0.25- 0.50 |
0.60 - 0.8 |
0.40 -0.60 |
0.40 - 0.60 |
0.65- 0.85 |
| Weak |
0.50- 0.75 |
0.40 -0.60 |
0.20- 0.40 |
0.20 - 0.40 |
0.45- 0.65 |
| Not suitable |
>0.75 |
<0.40 |
<0.20 |
<0.20 |
<0.45 |
Geographical distribution map of POGS:
Geographical distribution of POGS(fig2-5) determined in same method as previous elements.Distinguished areas can be ranked as following:
Areas in which POGS was between 0.65- 0.85 are known as the first class.
Areas in which POGS was between 0.65 to 0.85 are known as the second class.
Areas in which POGS was between 0.45 to 0.65 are known as the third class.
Areas in which POGS was less than 0.45 are known as the first class.
Geographical distribution map of SSPAR:
Althought the amount of annual precipitation is a main factor in dryland farming but its distribution during the year is very important too, in order to draw geographical distribution of SSPAR regression equation between elevation and SSPAR was determined(table( 2-2) and applied to DEM.Major classified zones are as following (Fig(2-6)):
Areas in which SSPAR was more than 0.65 are known as the first class.
Areas in which SSPAR was between 0.45 to 0.65 are known as the second class.
Areas in which SSPAR was between 0.25 to 0.45 are known as the second class.
Areas in which SSPAR was less than 0.25 are known as the second class.
Results
To producing the Agroclimatic map of Azarbaijan province for Almond dryland farming the 5 above mentioned maps(PCO,POAP,MAI,SSPAR and POGS maps) were overlaid and crossed.resultant map can be classified to four distinguished zones as following (refer to table( 4-1) and fig(4-1)):
Very suitable zones(first class)
There is a high corresponance between climatic conditions of area and the climatic requirement of Almond in this zone.The areaofth is zone is about 4852.9 km2 ndincludes: Hurand, Kalaleh and Ghareaghaj regions.
Suitable areas(second class)
Although there is aweaker correspondence between climatic conditions and requirements of Almond in these areas compare to first zone it is possible to make condition better with supplemental irrigation and other Agricultural activities(such as planting tolerant specious to drought and chilling).The area this zone is about 2833 km2 and includes:Azarshahr,Maraghe,bostanabad,Sarab,Zenuz and Varzaghan.
Weak areas(third class)
These areas have low potential and low yield for dryland farming of Almond ,The area of this zone is about 10052 km2 and includes malekan,sharafkhane,kalibar,Bonab,Marand and Tabriz regions.
Not suitable areas (fourth class)
This zone consider as areas that are not suitable for Almond dryland farming because of a non-corresponding between climatic conditions and requirement of Almond.The most important factor that limits planting of Almond in these areas is chilling injury on flowers ,buds and young fruits .Area of this zone is about 2242.1 km2 and includes:Tasuj,Khomarloo,and Haris regions.
References
- Bazgir,S.,1999,Agroclimatic zoning of Kordestan province for rainfed Wheat.,MSc. Thesis, University ofTehran .
- Huang,S.B,1990,Agroclimatology of the major fruit production in china,Agric. For. Meteorol.,53:125-142
- Khambete-NN,1992,Agroclimatic classification for assessment of crop potentioal of kharantaka.Mausam,43:1,91-98
- Lamba-Bs,1991,Agroclimatic zoning of Panjab and Haryana on the basis of MAI,Mausam,42:211-213
- Rumayor-R,Zegbe,A,1996,Use of GIS to describe suitable production aeaes for Pear,Acta-Horticulturea,471:175-182
- Yazdanpanah,2001,Agroclimatic zoning of
Azarbaijan Province for rainfed Almond,MSc. thesis,Tehran
university.