Environmental management plan for Kanpur urban area Industrial Profile of Kanpur Kanpur, once a industrial growth center of the development in the region faced the problems of uncontrolled growth coupled with decline in industrial production resulting the adverse impact on this urban set-up. The cause of decay could be attributed to closure of many large industrial units and deterioration in infrastructure facilities. The industrialisation era of Indian economy marked the city landscape with about 75 large & medium scale industries which followed western direction of expansion along the railway line and G.T. road. These industries include government owned units viz. Elgin Mills, Muir Mill, Cawnpore woollen Mills, Ordinance factories, New Victoria Mill, M.P. Udyog, HVOC, and Lalimli which are facing threat of closure vowing to problems like old technology, gigantic workforce, high input cost and low output. Inspite of this grim scenario Kanpur is still a major industrial centre with few operating textile mills, defence establishments, power plants, fertiliser unit, automobile industry, vanaspathi oil mill and tanneries. Apart from the largescale units city also has about 5457 mixed type of SSIs which grew as ancillary to major units with the predominance of metal products (830), Leather products (819), Food Products (443), Rubber & plastics (416), Machinery parts (396), Hosiery & garments (387), Chemical (337), paper products (318) and Cotton textile (246). The most of the industries are in Govt. industrial estate (Kalpi Road & Fazalganj), Industrial Estate, Co-operative Industrial estate (Dada Nagar), Panki Industrial Area and Jajmau Industrial area. The tanneries in 65 number in clustered form (surrounded slums, village settlement) located in Jajmau area on the bank of river Ganges, with degraded environmental conditions until the Ganga Action Plan (GAP) came into effect for the rescue. The engineering industries of armaments, automobiles and steel fabrication units are in Kalpi road industrial belt. The small scale steel workshops found to be not highly polluting except noise impact to residential areas in vicinity. The large scale engineering units discharge toxic metal from electroplating and painting processes. The Thermal Power Plant of 264 MW capacity is the single largest source of emission in the city but not effecting the city due to tall chimney. But the plant has two small boilers which create substantial fly-ash due to use of old chimneys and large amount of fly ash is being discharged into river Pandu. The housing quality of Kanpur, which by and large depends on civic services (water supply, sewerage collection), power supply, roads, greenery, commuting facilities, community shopping centres etc., is difficult to characterised and range between good to bad in different areas. The city core area is densely populated, very old blocks in dilapidated condition, old sewerage system, broken-down water supply lines, improper garbage collection and insufficient open spaces. As per the compiled sources, the deficit in housing stocks of Kanpur is 50,000 against the total households of 390,817 and is increasing at the rate of 6% per annum. There are 296 identified slums with 5 lakhs population which includes colonies of industrial workers, common slums, population squatting on public land. The workers colonies, 90 in number, commonly known as Ahatas are in state of dilapidation due to lack of any development work from the industries which either already closed or under closure. The slums, commonly known as Abadis are with lack of civic services resulting unhygienic living conditions. Environmental Assessment The environmental assessment for Kanpur was carried out through extensive monitoring and survey for spot checks includes the parameters of ambient air quality, vehicular pollution, surface water , ground water, water supply, drainage, sewage and solid waste. Water Supply The city has installed capacity of water supply of 300 mld (for 17 lakhs population) with average daily rate of supply of 176 lpcd. The network laid way back in 1892 and designed to cater 2 lakhs population souring the water from Ganga river at Bhairounghat. Out of total water supply 63 % is being met from surface water  Map - Landuse of Kanpur |