The Roles of GIS/RS in the National Movement of Forest Land Rehabilitation Development of a GIS-based monitoring and evaluation system – the next step 3. Results Results of identification indicated, forest lands that need rehabilitation are 55 million ha consisting of 4 million ha in conservation forests, 10 million ha in protection forests, and 41 million ha in production forests. As an illustration, Table 3 presents results of identification in one province of Indonesia i.e., Central Kalimantan. Table 3 shows that Central Kalimantan consists of 9 watersheds; total indicative areas for rehabilitation are 11.5 million ha, mostly in production forests - 11 million ha (of which 7 million ha in priority II), 212,000 ha in conservation forests, and 316,000 ha in protection forests. 4. Problems Problems encountered in the use of GIS/RS for identification of spatial distribution and locations of FLR, among other things, are: - Source of base maps Indonesia covers 192 million ha land territory consisting of 30 provinces, 340 districts, 17,000 islands. Land surface map of Bakosurtanal (Coordinating Agency for National Survey and Mapping), and Topographical map of DitTop-AD (the Directorate of Topography-Indonesia Army) at scale of 1:250,000 and 1:50,000 are the standard sources of base maps. The maps however, have not covered the whole country, and for this reason other sources of base maps were also used (e.g., JOG/Joint Operation Graphical map of US army). Problem with different sources of base maps was inconsistency of map features/details in adjoining sheets (even for the same source of map). Other problem was different shape, size, direction of rivers, and shore lines between base maps (from different sources) and results of Landsat data interpretation. This problem was solved by adjusting adjoining map sheets as well as results of interpretation. Table 3. Indicative locations of FLR in Central Kalimantan Province (x 1000 ha)  Source: Master Plan of Forest and Land Rehabilitation for Central Kalimantan Province. - Very limited ground checks Ground checks are important to ensure that results of satellite imagery interpretation are correct and represent actual covers of land surface. Interpretation of Landsat data 1999/2000 was carried out with very limited ground checks. Consequently, accuracy of interpretation results were not measured. This year, MoFRI is carrying out interpretation of Landsat data 2002/2003 followed by ground checks. As this year interpretation is supported by adequate ground checks, results of interpretation would be more accurate than that of Landsat 1999/2000 interpretation. Therefore updating spatial locations and distribution of FLR with this year interpretation would overcome the problem. - Limited resources Hardware, software and personnel with GIS/RS skilled were limited in the provinces. In this situation, cooperation with local university, procurement of hardware/software necessary for the project, recruitment and training of personnel with GIS/RS skilled were conducted. |