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APPLICATION OF GIS FOR ZONING OF MAE YOM NATIONAL PARK,LAMPANG AND PHRAE PROVINCE
Chanika Sukawattanavijit, Kridsakron Auynirundronkool
Geo-Informatics Scientist
Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (Public Organization)
196 Phahonyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
Tel : (66) 2946420-8 ext 200 Fax : (66) 25613035
Chanika@gistda.or.th, Kron@gistda.or.th
THAILAND
Abstract
The National Park consists of natural resources that highly contribute to the ecology. These environments make a pleasant place with its own unique to admire, which may be scenic, water fall, cave, mountain and floral including wildlife. However, without any appropriate management, the scenic of this will be fallen down and end finally. Our children will no longer see these anymore. Hence, any national park ought to be scrutinized, coupling with a good manage in order to keep the nature as long as it should be. The objective of this study is to develop GIS database for zoning of Mae Yom National Park in Lampang and Phrae provinces. The management zoning was developed using remote sensing data and GIS. The environmental factors used for analysis were slope, landuse, elevation, distance from office, distance from community, distance from roads and distance from river/streams. The results of environment factors for ranking the score of each factor by overlay technique and weighting-rating score. The management zones were classified into 5 zones; service zone, recreation zone, primitive zone, strict nature reserve zone and recovery zone. The five management zone maps were overlaid, the score of each management zone was then ranked regarding to the objectives of National Park Management, and the final map of management zone was then produced. The areas of management zone in Mae Yom National Park were 12.3%, 11.35%, 26.53%, 53.86% and 31.72% for service zone, recreation zone, primitive zone, strict nature reserve zone and recovery zone, respectively. The result will be the input of the managing of the Park, to preserve the natural resource and high degree of furtility, which enhance the completeness of the ecology in a sustainable form.
INTRODUCTION
The layout of National Park master plan, in order to find the appropriate way in managing the particular park in consort with its natural resources and geographical environment, with specific characteristic of the park. In the classification of the park, the methodology in classification is the first priority for the park manager. Most of the park consists of difference bio-physical, ecology and environment. Hence, the utilization is also difference. In this regard, the classification, with high degree of validity and clarity, will mitigate the controversial among the preservation and utilization, then leads to the high efficiency and effectiveness in acreage manage and control for the target in the park management later.
Presently, the employing of state of the high technology, such as RS and GIS, generates more convenience and efficiency. These technologies were used in management zoning. The study area is the Mae Yom National Park located in Lampang and Phrae Provinces.
OBJECTIVE
To develop the GIS database for zoning of Mae Yom National Park Management by applying the remotely sensed data and GIS.
STUDY AREA
The Mae Yom National Park covers Ngao and Song Districts of Lampang and Prae Provinces respectively. The forest is very high fertility in teak wood, which high and nice picturesque. In addition, the teak wood in this area well represent the teak wood in the Northern region of the country. Furthermore, there are a number of other precious woods and good scenario. The acreage of this forest is about 284,218.75 rai or 454.75 square kilometers. (Figure 1)
MATERIALS
Physical data collection from maps scale 1 : 50,000 and remote sensing data. The rest of the data was generated by GIS. The data are as follows :
- Topographic map scale 1 : 50,000 containing information such as administrative boundaries, contours, river and stream network, road network, location of villages from the Royal Thai Survey Department
- SPOT-5 imagery of Mae Yom National Park, Lampang and Phrae Provinces dated 12/05/2006 and 18/02/2007
- Contour map, scale 1 : 50,000 with 20 meters interval from the Royal Thai SurveyDepartment
- Data generated using contour scale 1 : 50,000, such as aspect and slope from the Royal Thai Survey Department
The physical data was added into the system and being analyzed as shown in the diagram in
RESULT From the study, we classify the zoning in to 5 zones, as follows:
- The most suitable area for Service Zone
The service zone surrounds the national park with main transportation route and within the 2- kilometre radius from the park office. This area also in low slop, then the accession is also convenience and close to the community. It is found that the area is the most suitable for service zone, with 59.40 square kilometers or 12.3 percent of the total area of the national park. - The most suitable area for Recreation Zone
The recreation zone is along the transportation route and surrounded by the protection unit. The area is close to the water resource with low slop, from the analysis it is found that the most appropriate area for recreation zone with area around 54.77 square kilometers or 11.35 percent of the total area of the national park. - The most suitable area for Primitive Zone
The primitive zone is in the inner part of the national park, with high degree of elevation and also high slop. It is found that the area is suitable for primitive zone with area around 128.50 square kilometers or 26.53 percent of the total area of the national park. - The most suitable area for Stric Nature Reserve Zone
The restrict nature reserve zone is in the inner part of the national park as the primitive zone, the area also high degree in slop and elevation. It is found that the area is suitable for restrict nature reserve zone with area around 261.09 square kilometers or 53.86 percent of the total area of the national park. - The most suitable area for Recovery Zone
The recovery zone is scattering around the border of the national park. The factor that contributes to the area is the land use pattern. It is found that the area is suitable for recovery zone with area around 152.74 square kilometers or 31.72 percent of the total area of the national park. - Zoning Management Mapping in Mae Yom National Zone
From the zoning of management map, it is found that the recreation zone is overlapping with the service. The primitive zone is overlapping with partly on recreation area. The prioritize process is arranged in restrict nature reserve zone, primitive zone, recovery zone, recreation zone and service zone, which under the theme and concept of the national park management.
The zoning of area management is one of the tool in national park management. The environmental factors used for analysis were slop, landuse, elevation, distance from office, distance from roads, distance from river/streams, and distance from the community. The Mae Yom National Park Management by applying the RS and GIS in the study. With the environment 7 factors, it has been classified and ranked, according to the priority. Then, the factor being form into model in zoning. From this, the five management zone maps were service zone, recreation zone, primitive zone, stric nature reserve zone and recovery zone which the percentage are of the Mae Yom National Park as follows 12.3%, 11.35%, 26.53%, 53.86% and 31.72% respectively.
REFERANCE
Saksit Sritubtim. 2003. Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for Khao Chamao Wong National Park. Bangkok:
Kasetsart University.
Voranuch Sakdanuphap. 2005. Application of Geographic Information System for Zoning Pangsida National Park, Sakeaw Province. Bangkok: Thammasart University.