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Landuse-Land cover mapping through digital image processing of satellite data- A case study from Panchkula, Ambala and Yamunanagar districts, Haryana state, India
Arvind.C.Pandey
Haryana State Council for Science & Technology, Chandigarh.
Email:arvindchandrap@yahoo.com
M.S.Nathawat
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi (Jharkhand).
Email:msnathawat@yahoo.com
Introduction
The landuse- land cover pattern of a region is an outcome of both natural and socio-economic factors and their utilization by man in time and space. Land is becoming a scarce commodity due to immense agricultural and demographic pressure. Hence, information on landuse-land cover and possibilities for their optimal use is essential for the selection, planning and implementation of land uses schemes to meet the increasing demands for basic human needs and welfare.
Increasing human interventions and unfavorable bio-climatic environment has led to transformation of large tracts of land into wastelands. Satellite remote sensing play an important role in generating information about the latest landuse-land cover pattern in an area and its temporal changes through times. The information being in digital form can be brought under Geographical Information System (GIS) to provide a suitable platform for data analysis, update and retrieval.
The present study was carried out to evaluate the present status of landuse-land cover in the districts of Panchkula, Ambala and Yamunanagar on 1:50,000 scale by using digital satellite data of IRS- 1D.
Location
The Panchkula (areal extent 893 sq. km.), Ambala (1472 sq. km.) and Yamunanagar (1779 sq. km.) form the northernmost districts of Haryana bounded by States of Punjab in the west, Himachal Pradesh in north and Uttar Pradesh in east. The districts lies within longitude 760 33' to 770 36' (N) and latitude 290 55' to 300 50' (E) covering an area of about 4145 sq. km. They are covered under topographical sheet No. 53/B, 53/F and 53 G of Survey of India (1:250,000).
Materials for the Study
The Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (1RS-1D) digital data of LISS-III sensor, which provide a resolution of 23.25 meters in multispectral mode was utilised in the study. To estimate the spatial distribution pattern of landuse-land cover in Rabi and Kharif seasons, the satellite data of two seasons was acquired The details of satellite data used in the study is given below:
| S.No. |
Path/Row for IRS- 1D, LISS -III
Digital Satellite Data |
Date of pass |
| RABI |
KHARIF |
| 1 |
95-49 |
February 2000 |
October. 2000 |
| 2 |
95-50 |
February 2000 |
October. 2000 |
| 3 |
96-50 |
February 2000 |
October. 2000 |
Survey of India (SOI) topographical sheets of the said district on 1:50,000 scale were utilised for registration of satellite data, selection of ground control points and locating training sets as well as to identify and authenticate the various cultural features on the satellite image.
Administrative maps of three districts on 1:50,000 scale were also utilised to demarcate the study area on the satellite images.
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