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Landuse/landcover Mapping of Centeralwater shed of iran based on Satellitte data Interpretation
Kiadokht Ahmadi Soroush
Fax:: +(431) 26060 – 5830
E- mail: Kiadokh@Yahoo.com
Introduction
There is no doubt that in a country such as Iran, in which Iarge portions of the country fall under the categories of “arid” and “semiarid” lands, the capability of mapping land use land cover is important.
Acknowledge of land use and Landcover is important for many planning and management activities concerned with the surface of the earth.
The primary objective of these investigations are to demonstrate the application of landsat data for supplying governmental organizations with information which will assist in resource planning, development and better utilization through management within Iran.
Methodology
In undertaking this study the following steps were performed;
- Data collection- utilization of all available landsat data for this study area, in different bands and dates - Literature review.
- Data interpretation – Land use/land cover classification of the central watershed, based on data analysis and interpretation of available landsat data.
- Mapping Landuse/Land cover-various landuse/land cover recognized and their distribution is shown in the landuse/land cover “map of central watershed which is exhibited at a scale od 1:1,000,000.
General Descripiion of the Centeral Watershed
Location:
This study area located in the north west portion of Iranian Central plateau, which is a sub-basin of Iranian internal watershed.
The study area occupies about 92125 sq. Km.
This basin includes 6 sub-basin terminating in the Namak Lake, they are called open or closed svb-basins.
Open sub-bains consist of kashan, Ghomrud, Ghareh chai, shurrud, and jajrud closed svb- basin is called Arak.
The most important cities in this study area are:
Tehran, Hamedan, Gazvin, Kashan, Arak.
The mountainous regions surounding this watershed, in higher elevation is 14929 in north and lower portion is ablut 3117 f near Namak Lake.
Climate:
Considerable variations in climate can be seen in ceneral watershed. The differences ae primarily a result of topography and can generally be expressed in terms of amount of precipitation and Length of growing season. Three zones, based on these variation, have been designated for this study area utilizing a modified koppen system. These zones are: arid, semiarid, moderate.
They are derives using mean annual and monthly ralves of temperatures and precipitation and their seasonal characteristics. Precipitation in the region is relatively low as the principal storms that originate in the Mediterranean lose a major portion of their moisture on rising over the Alborz or zagros ranges. The average annual precipitation for stations in the central region ranges between 350 and 100 millimeters.
Relative humidity varies widely in the region depending on wind, precipitation and altitude. This climatic parameter was a marked effect on the evaporation in any area and thus on water consumption of all vegetation.
Water Resources
The water resources of the centeral watershed are presented in this project in terms of surface water availability and ground water avalability.
Surface water availability- the main natural drainage of the basin consists of the Jajrud, Karaj – rud, Ghared chai, Khar- rud, Ghom- rud that terminats in the Namak Lake. All of them are fed by several smaller branches. No natural Lakes in this region have potential to contrbute to surface water development, the effect of artificial storage reservoirs will be considered in the supply demand comparisons.
The surface water analysis show that the water of most rivers in this region can be used for agriculture and industrial purposes and also for municipal use.
Ground water availability – this presentation is Largely concerned with the ground water abailability of the plains or valley alluvium of this region.
The ground water of this area consists of the shallow and deep wells, spring and ghanats.
Wells are most important in arid and semiarid area of this watershed, as main souce for water.
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