|
|
|
Spatial Modeling of Climatic Parameter Fluctuation Mapping Temperature Variation in the Bermejo Basin from 1901 to 2000
Conclusions
The major aim of this study, the development of a method for mapping and analyzing the temporary variations of climatic parameters linked to the global climate change, is achieved. This method focuses on the use of geographic information systems (GIS) and was used to produce temperature variation maps of the Bermejo Basin, in northwest Argentina.
The application of this method has led to the procurement of the following products: 1) a digital long-term climatic database of the Bermejo Basin; 2) annual mean air temperature maps for different periods; 3) maps showing annual mean temperature temporal variation between two consecutive periods; 4) thermal zones maps for different periods; 5) maps showing thermal zones shift between two consecutive periods; 6) combined maps presenting land-use and/or vegetation types together with temperature temporal variations between two consecutive periods; 7) the geo-database of Bermejo Basin, built up using dependency links among objects.
The implementation of dependency links among objects in the geo-database developed during this mapping process, consisting of tables, formulae, maps and their relationships, allows the automated recalculation of any dependent output maps and/or tables when input source maps, tables or formulae are improved. This ability facilitates the use of this geo-database for spatial model testing and other analytical purposes, what will lead to further improvement on the results and on the production of maps representing variations of other climatic parameters.
The method presented allowed the visual assessment of temperature variations within different land cover types, what led to the identification of areas most likely affected by temperature variations within different cartographic units, to quantify the magnitude of these variations within each unit, to report them statistically, and to relate these magnitudes to the degrees of the occurred impacts within each unit.
This method is regarded as a contribution to the study of climate change, to be also used at smaller scales together with general circulation models (GCM), as a complementary approach for simulating the distribution of present and potential climate change.
References
- ARIAS, M and BIANCHI A R 1996: Estadísticas Climatológicas de la Provincia de Salta. INTA, EEA Salta, Salta, 189 pp.
- BIANCHI, A R, NIEVA I J, and YAÑEZ, C E 1994. Un modelo simple de regresión lineal para la estimación de temperaturas medias regionales. INTA, RIA 25(3): 35-54
- CANZIANI, O F and DIAZ, S 1998: The Regional Impacts of Climatic Change: An Assessment of Vulnerability. Chapter VI: Latin America, IPCC, EEUU: 187-230
- CIRHMET 1993. Compendio de Datos Meteorológicos hasta 1992. CODETAR-SENAMHI, Tarija, Bolivia, 203 pp
- DAVIS, G G 1895: Anales de la Oficina Meteorologica Argentina. Vol.X: Climas de Salta, Tucumán, Carcarañá y Villa María. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 556 pp
- DAVIS, G G 1889: Anales de la Oficina Meteorologica Argentina. Vol.VII: Climas de Villa Formosa, Chubut y Ciudad de San Juan. Coni e hijos, Buenos Aires, 596 pp
- DE FINA, A L and SABELLA, L J 1959: Cálculo de las temperaturas medias de localidades montañosas carentes de observaciones termométricas. La Plata, Journal Fac. Agr. 35(2): 125-149
- DE FINA, A L 1992: Aptitud Agroclimática de la República Argentina. Academia Nacional de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Buenos Aires, 402 pp
- FAO, 1997: Zonificación Agroecológica, Guía General. FAO, Boletín de Suelos 73, Roma, 77 pp
- GOULD, B, 1882: Anales de la Oficina Meteorológica Argentina. Vol.III.Coni, Buenos Aires, 507 pp
- NIJMEIJER, R, DE HAAS, A and DOST, R 2001: ILWIS 3.0 User’s Guide. ITC, Enschede, The Netherlands, 520 pp
- OLIVARES, R, VALDEZ, L A, MEMENDI, J E 1995: Datos Pluviométricos Mensuales y Anuales (1956-1994) de la Provincia de Chaco. Gobierno de la Provincia de Chaco, Subs. Rec. Nat. y Medio Ambiente, Chaco
- PARRY, M 1990: Climate Change and World Agriculture. Earthscan Publications Ltd, London, 157 pp
- SEOANE, R S, and MOYANO, M C 1999. Análisis del Impacto de Posibles Cambios Climáticos en la Hidrología Superficial de la Cuenca del Río Bermejo. INA, Dirección de Servicios Hidrológicos, Ezeiza: 34 pp
- SMN, 1958a: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1901-1950. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- SMN, 1958b: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1941-1950. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- SMN, 1963: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1951-1960. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- SMN, 1981: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1961-1970. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- SMN, 1986: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1971-1980. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- SMN, 1992: Estadísticas Climatológicas 1981-1990. Servicio Meteorológico Nacional, Buenos Aires
- STRATEGIC ACTION PROGRAM FOR THE BINATIONAL BASIN OF THE BERMEJO RIVER (PEA) 2000: Transboundary diagnostic analysis of the binational basin of the Bermejo river. OAS, Buenos Aires, 157 pp
- ZUVIRIA, M DE and BURGOS, J J 1986: Topoclimatología Teórica de un Area Adyacente a la Serranía de las Pavas, en el Norte de la Provincia de Salta. CIBIOM, Buenos Aires, 41 pp
- ZUVIRIA, M de 1992: Mapping Agrotopoclimates by Integrating Topographic, Meteorological and Land Ecological Data in a Geographic Information System. ITC Publication 14, Enschede, 183 pp
- ZUVIRIA, M de 2002: Cuenca Binacional del Rio Bermejo: Modelo de Elevacion del Terreno Digital. PEA, Buenos Aires (unpublished report and a CD)
|
|
|