Home > Geospatial Application Papers > Environment > Water Pollution
Abstract | Full Paper | PDF | Printer Friendly Format

Page 3 of 5
| Previous | Next |


GIS Application in Evaluating Land Use-Land Cover Change and its Impact on Hydrological Regime in Langat River Basin, Malaysia


Langat’s Landscape Structure Analysis
Fig 3 shows the spatial pattern of each LULC types of Langat for 1984, 1990, 1995 and 1997. Among landscape structure statistical analysis involved in this study were the number of patches, patch size coefficient of variance, edge density and Shannon’s Diversity Index (SDI). The formulation of these GIS spatial metrics can be review in McGarigal & Marks (1994) and Patch Analyst 2.2 Reference Guide (1999).

Table 1: Overall landscape structure analysis
Patch Statistic  1984  1990  1995   1997
Number of Patches (NumP)  327  275  3781   3997
Patch size coefficient of variance (PSCoV)  610  451  1070   891
Edge Density (ED)  16.21  17.89  52.0   54.0
Shannon’s Diversity Index (SDI)  2.066  2.132  2.62   2.63

Based on the overall spatial landscape structure analysis (Table 1), there is a significant different of NumP, PSCoV, ED and SDI values between period of 1984-1990 and 1995-1997. we can easily grouped these value into two main groups based on the period. It reveals that there is a significant impact of human activities on the landscape of Langat basin, especially to the period of 1995-1997. Among the major LULC change occurs in the period was the development of Kuala Lumpur International Airport near Sepang as well as the Cyberjaya-Putrajaya development projects (Noorazuan, 2001). The SDI value indicates that 1995-97 LULC diversity in Langat basin was significantly different from the period of 1984-1990. Thus, from this argument we will divided the further analysis based on this two periods, i.e. 1984-1990 and 1995-97.

Table 2 : Spatial statistic based on selected urban built up-related land use classes for Langat
Class(1984)   Class Area (CA)   Number of Patches (NumP)   Patch Size Standard Deviation (PSSD)   Edge Density (ED)   Mean Perimeter –Area Ratio (MPAR)
Newly cleared land   1459.87  17  86.39  0.28   2602.81
Urban area  2343.58  14  198.55  0.34   112.89
CLASS(1990)          
Urban area   8563.17  26.00  479.14  1.062   756.185
Newly cleared land   371.13  4.00  38.61  0.090   73.400
Class_(1995)          
Newly cleared land   4926.368819  270  95.83  1.82   223.28
Urban area   10961.75659  246  156.37  3.01   414.68
Agricultural buildings  810.2607593  137  6.88  0.63   239.64
Transmission routes   1162.773443  42  30.05  1.40   291.99
Recreational area  973.2692169  14  50.06  0.22   100.82
Cemetary  131.3230042  10  16.50  0.06   195.61
Highways  792.0907781  17  57.75  1.18   347.17
Railways  363.1319486  4  36.98  0.42   285.45
Class_(1997)          
Urban area  13886.19  272  164.25  3.58   400.42
Newly cleared land   8703.68  312  167.53  2.63   424.06
Highways   1600.13  52  56.06  1.93   1139.17
Transmission routes   1339.47  48  34.21  1.56   1089.56
Agricultural buildings   716.1  119  6.99  0.55   230.93
Railways  347.77  8  39.11  0.41   302.70
Cemetary  88.91  6  20.36  0.04   166.35
Recreational area  194.99  3  55.60  0.04   103.27

Table 2 shows detail statistics of spatial analysis based on urban-related land use classes in Langat for 1984, 1990, 1995 and 1997. The overall built up or urban-related land uses within the basin has markly change during the period (Fig 3).


Fig 3: Overall urban built up-related land use change in Langat within 1984 and 1997.



Fig 4: Urban built up-related land use change above streamgauge at Dengkil.

Fig 4 shows the changes in urban-related land use classes in Langat within 1984 and 1997, for catchment above the stream gauging station at Dengkil (1549km2).

Page 3 of 5
| Previous | Next |