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GIS techniques for carrying capacity study of Damodar River Basin
Geomatics Tools
The broad objectives for the use of geomatics
tools for CCDRB project are listed below
- design a digital geographic database for DRB; identify spatial and attribute
data requirements their sources
- create a digital geographic database as per the design integrating both
spatial and attribute data from multiple sources
- carry out satellite image interpretation for DRB region
- identify, design and carry out geographic analysis and modelling of DRB
digital data to identify hot spots and find answers for what-if scenarios
- generate hardcopy map outputs on paper media
All GIS work for the
project was carried out using the indigenous GIS package GIPSY (product of
Pegasus Software Consultants Pvt Ltd, India) running on Intel Pentium platform
under Windows 95/ 3.1. All image processing work for the project was carried out
using EASI-PACE (product of PCI Inc., Canada) running on IBM AIX workstations.
Raster data obtained from image processing was vectorised and integrated with
GIPSY geographic database.
Geographic Database Design
The
design extent of the geographic database for DRB is based on the following broad
guidelines
- The spatial extent of the geographic database must cover the Damodar River
Basin falling under the states of Bihar and West Bengal.
- All spatial data spanning entire DRB area shall be at a map scale of
1:250,000.
- Maps of smaller regions within DRB, such as maps of coal fields and towns,
shall be at a scale better than 250,00.
- Data from multiple sources at different scales is to be integrated in the
geographic database.
- All maps spanning entire DRB area shall be geo-coded, i.e. provided with
latitude/longitude values.
- The minimum administrative unit at which demographic and socioeconomic data
is to be integrated shall be a block.
Based on the above
guidelines the geographic database of DRB has been designed at two levels
- macro database comprising maps that span the entire area of DRB; all
maps in the macro database are at a scale of 1:250,000; all maps in the macro
database are geo-coded
- micro database comprising detailed maps in the micro database depend
on the source data and range from 1:3000 to 1:250,000: wherever possible maps in
the micro database depend on the source data and range from 1:3000 to 1:250,000:
wherever possible maps in the micro database are geo-coded.
The
geographic area of Damodar River Basin is covered by nine SOI 1:250,000
topo-sheets
72H, 72L, 73A, 73E, 73I, 73M, 73N, 79A, 79Band falls
between the bounding latitude and longitude values given below.
Latitude: 22deg N to 25deg N
Longitude: 84deg E to 89deg E
The macro database comprises a number of thematic layers
spanning the entire DRB region and can be categorised under the five major
parameters, namely land, water, air, noise and socioeconomic data, considered
for CCRDB study. The micro database comprises detailed maps of priority
towns of DRB and major coal fields within DRB.
Data CollectionSources for spatial data in the geographic database of
DRB has been from printed maps of following agencies/publications
- Survey of India
- National Bureau of Census
- Geological Survey of India
- Damodar Valley Corporation
- National Bureau of Soil Survey
- All India Soil and Land Use Bureau
- Coal Atlas of India
- Planning Atlas: Damodar Valley
- Central Mine Planing & Design Institute Ltd.
Satellite
data of National Remote Sensing Agency, ISRO, Hyderabad, from the following
sources has been used in the creation of landuse maps of DRB.
- IRS 1B LISS I images of 1997
- IRS 1B LISS I images of 1990
- LANDSAT MSS images of 1984
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