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New Data about the Tectonic Structure of the Arabian Plate by Interpretation of Space images
Tectonic- wind erosion phenomena in the Arabian Plate:
Our study (Rukieh 1993, 1998, 2002) has shown that the Arabian plate in the volcanic Harrat Asham area is characterized by two similar and important phenomena in Syria and Jordan; they are wind erosion phenomena of tectonic base: the first one is in Syria, it is located to the eastern south of Damascus in Tal Dakwa area, the second is located inside the Jordanian lands in Kae AlAzrak area in the east south of Oman where we can notice wind occurrence aspects of straight lines shape inside the volcanic rocks which expand from west towards east for tens of kilometers.
The analysis of the tectonic situation and the field checks which we had been carried out for the phenomena in Syria refer to the possibility that these phenomena are of tectonic base, and this is reflected in form the phenomena of erosion and wind occurrence, especially after noticing transverse faults expand from the rift in both Syria and Jordan , in the areas of these phenomena.
Results:
- identifying three big and very big regional annular structures in the Arabian plate zone, their dimensions range between (300-1800km), one of them is in the center of the plate, its core forms the Nubian Arabian Shield rocks, and the second is in the western north of it, the third is in the eastern side to the west of the Arabain gulf.
- The Arabian rift zone forms the western borders of the plate which expands from Alaqaba gulf in the south till Turkey in the north for 1100km, the plate moves towards north of an average 0.5-1cm yearly in conform with it.
- The Arabian Plate is characterized by the existence of five main fault systems expand towards north west/ south east for hundreds and thousands kilometers starting from the Arabian gulf in the east till Alaqaba gulf in the west. As well as the plate is distinguished by the spread of group of regional faults which take the direction of east north east / south west as the Palmyra series faults in Syria and Wadi Arram - Wadi Albaten faults in Saudi Arabia, also there are some fault systems of north or transverse directions.
- Alkaline basalt volcanic rocks spread in some areas of the Arabian plate especially in Adan and Taez in Yemen, the areas of Arabian shield in Saudi Arabia, the volcanic areas in Harrat Asham in north of Saudi, Jordan and south of Syria.
- Our study has shown the existence of two similar important phenomena represented by erosion and wind occurrence of tectonic base in Syria and Jordan inside the spread volcanic rocks as straight lines on an extension of tens kilometers towards west east.
References:
- Abed Alkader Abed, the Geology, Environment and water of Jordan, Amman , Jordan, PP. 571, 2000.
- A.X Kagarmanov, Geology of Africa and Arabia, Nedra- Lenengrad, pp.150, 1987.
- Barazangi M., Seber D. , Chaimov T., Best J., Litak R., Alsaad D., Sawaf T. 1993, Tectonic Evolution of the Northern Arabian Plate in Western Syria, Klwer Academic Publishers in Netherlands, pp. 117-140.
- Litak R. k., Barazangi M., Beauchamp W., Seber D., Brew G., Sawaf T., Al Youssef W. 1997, Mesozoic – Cenozoic Evoluation of the Interplate Euphrates Fault System, Syria Implications for Regional Tectonics Journal of the Geological Society, London, Vol. 154, pp. 653-666.
- Ponikapov, V.P. etal. 1969, Geology of Syria and its Mineral Resources (in Russian) , Linengrad USSR, pp.215.
- Rukieh M. 1991, Report on the Tectonic of the Western and Southern Part of Syria and Lebanon by Interpretation of Space Images, GORS- Damascus, pp. 33.
- Rukieh M. , New Data about Volcanic Rocks in the Southern Area of Syria by Space Images Interpretation, GORS- Damascus, 1993, paper of the 31 International Conference of Geology/ Brazil- ReodJaniro 2000.
- Rukieh M., Study about the rift Structure in the Northern Part of the Arabian Plate by Using Space Imagery Interpretation, published in the proceedings of the 5th Jordanian Geological Conference on the Ggeology of Arab Homeland, Amman- Jordan, pp. 436-456.
- Rukieh M., Volcanic Rocks in the Southern Part of Syria and their Role in the Formation of Soils, presented in the Geological Science Week organized by the Syrian Geographical Society, Damascus, 1998.
- Rukieh M., New Data about Volcanic Rocks in the South of Syria and North of Jordan by Space Images Interpretation, presented in the 6ht Jordanian Conference on Geology, Amman.
- Rukieh M., Akafri A.A., Khalaf A.A., New Data about the Tectonic Activity in Wadi Almyah in Syria by Space Images Interpretations, presente in the 6th International Cinference on the Geology of Arab World, Cairo University, 2002.
- Rukieh M., Annular Sturctures of the Arabian Plate by Interpretation of Multispectral Space Images and Its Economic Importance, presented in the 8th Jordanian Conference in Geology, Amman, 2004.
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