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Abstract
Rehabilitation & Resettlement in Indian Coal Mining
Industry: A Geospatial Approach
N P Singh
GEOMATICS DIVISION
REMOTE SENSING CELL
CENTRAL MINE PLANNING & DESIGN INSTITUTE
INDIA
P K Goswami
GEOMATICS DIVISION, REMOTE SENSING CELL
CENTRAL MINE PLANNING & DESIGN INSTITUTE
INDIA
Rakesh Ranjan
GEOMATICS DIVISION
REMOTE SENSING CELL
CENTRAL MINE PLANNING & DESIGN INSTITUTE
INDIA
Abstract
India is richly endowed with mineral resources and has top ranking in production of some minerals such
as coal, iron ore, chromite, bauxite etc. Unfortunately for India, major mineral deposits occur under dense
forest cover and watershed of major drainage system. Geographical distribution of coal and metallic
minerals reserve in India is highly uneven. Out of the total 329 million hectare (mha) geographical area of
India, only 0.36 mha land (0.10%) has been utilized for coal mining. Sustaining growth in mining sector
require large area of land with associated problems of displacement. Displacement resulted in loss of
physical and non-physical assets, including home, communities, productive land, income earning sources,
subsistence, resources, cultural sites, social structure and cultural identity. Parcel-wise land use, ownership,
income accrued from the land, socio-economic data, number of settlements, number of PAP etc. are
derived from the GIS database for facilitating compensation and implementation of R&R plan. Rehabilitation
sites are now selected based on geospatial information to avoid the displacement of PAP in future.
Coal India/CMPDI has taken initiative to create the Land Information System (LIS) of coalfields, identification
of suitable sites for rehabilitation of PAP, identification of wasteland for compensatory afforestation
for implementation of the R&R plan. Land reclamation/restoration monitoring of all the opencast
coal mining projects based on remote sensing data & GIS has also been taken up to ensure the implementation
of mine closure plan and post-mining land use as envisaged in the environmental management
plan (EMP) to mitigate the adverse impact of coal mining on land environment.
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