|
|
|
Disease Surveillance and Monitoring using GIS
Common methodology to identify vector borne disease
- The data on different types of vectors causing infectious diseases, their survival conditions and other data’s relevant to the vectors are collected.
- The distribution of the population in a given region is gathered and sorted according to age group.
- The map of the given region is obtained from the respective source. All the features in the map are digitized into their respective themes.
- The vector breeding sites in that particular region is identified using suitable techniques.
- The landscape composition and the population distribution are digitized on the map. The population database is also stored corresponding to the population age wise.
- Buffers are created for the given population categorizing them into commercial area, institutes, and residential areas. Depending on the flight range of different vectors, suitable buffers are created from the vector breeding sites taking into consideration all the environmental and seasonal factors.
- All these buffers are analyzed and using suitable operations such as union, intersection, overlay, network the vulnerable areas and the vulnerable group of population are assessed.
- Depending on the results suitable preventive and control measures are taken.
Common methodology to identify airborne disease
- The details of microorganisms present in air are obtained from suitable sources.
- The data regarding the sustainable environmental factors are gathered and analyzed with respect to the given region.
- The directions, flow rate, humidity conditions of air are obtained from Indian meteorological department.
- For the given region, a direction profile for the flow of air is created.
- Humidity and temperature profiles are created from the data obtained.
- From all the data’s, an analysis is performed and the vulnerable areas of airborne disease are identified.
- Depending on these results suitable preventive and control measures are taken.
Common methodology to identify water borne diseases
- All water sources are marked on the map of the given region. These are further classified as running water, stagnating water. The stagnating water is further classified as shallow and deep waters. Mostly the stagnating water causes diseases.
- The stagnating water bodies are identified, since these are the sources.
- Buffers are created for these water bodies and hence the nearby areas prone to these microorganisms are identified depending on the pipe network and flow condition from these sources.
- The population distribution vulnerable to these diseases is identified using suitable analysis depending on the data obtained.
- Depending on these results suitable control and preventive measures are taken.
|
|
|