Development of Malaysian Craniofacial Data Base Using Close Range Photogrammetry technique
Anuar Ahmad
Lecturer
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Email: anuar@fksg.utm.my
Anuar Ahmad
Lecturer
UTM, Malaysia
Email: anuar@fksg.utm.mt
Halim Setan
Lecturer
UTM, Malaysia
Email: halim@fksg.utm.my
Zulkepli Majid
Lecturer
UTM, Malaysia
Email: zulkepli@fksg.utm.my
Albert Chong
Lecturer
University of Otago, New Zealand
Email: chonga@albers.otago.ac.nz
Abstract :
Traditionally, photogrammetry has been used for mapping (especially topographic mapping) for decades. Photogrammetry evolves from analogue to analytical and today it embraces the digital technology. It has been widely used by many professionals and scientists for their respective fields and applications. Photogrammetry has been used not only for mapping purposes but it also has been used in non-topographic applications. Examples of non-topographic application include different type of industries, medical, architecture, archaeology and others. In Geographical Information System (GIS), photogrammetry has been used to produce orthophoto and normally it is used as the background. This paper discusses about the integration of photogrammetric and medical data for the development of the first Malaysian craniofacial database. In photogrammetry, human faces are acquired using digital close range photogrammetic method which utilizes digital camera and laser scanning method. In medical, the data of human faces are acquired using the Computer Tomographic Scanner (CT Scan). The photogrammetric method provides the soft tissue data while the CT Scan provides the hard tissue data. For the registration of hard and soft tissues, common points known as the anthropometric landmark were used. The anthropometric landmarks on the soft tissue were measured using a digital photogrammetric system and software. For the hard tissue, the measurement was carried out using another type of software. From these two types of measurement and the information of the patient, a craniofacial database was established. This craniofacial database is important and helpful to the surgeon for their work especially in the reconstruction of human face. The craniofacial database is still under development and will be tested by the surgeon. It is hope that the first version of the craniofacial database will be completed at the end of this year and could be extended further.