Non-spatial database was created using MS access for wastewater collection system and for the various plant components. The Database created was in accordance to the third RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) normalization.

The non-spatial data included the following

• Sewer dimensions
• Sewage Flow characteristics in sewers
• Dimension of storm drains
• Storm Flow characteristics in storm drains
• Dimensions of various components of sewage treatment plant
• Flow characteristics of various components of sewage treatment plant
• Sewage characteristics (BOD, SS etc.) in various plant units and processes
• Performance / efficiency of treatment units
• Information related to manpower deployed at sewage treatment plant

Object Data was also attached to respective spatial features (objects) to facilitate relational querying.

Queries
The various queries were generated as per the objectives of the project. They are listed as follows:

1. Show a) The whole Sewer Network
   b) Sewers / Sections On the basis of a) Their type (mains, trunk etc.)
   b) Their Physical parameters (diameter, gradient, length, etc.)
   c) Their Flow characteristics (discharge, velocity, etc.)
   d) Location
   c) Various sewer appurtenances On the basis of e) Their name
   f) Their Physical parameters
   g) Location
   d) The whole Drain Network
   e) Drains / Sections On the basis of h) Their type (mains, trunk etc.)
   i) Their Physical parameters (gradient, length, width, etc.)
   j) Their Flow characteristics (discharge, etc.)
   k) Location
   f) Sewage Treatment Plant Components On the basis of l) Name
   m) Their Physical parameters
   n) Their Flow characteristics (discharge, head loss)
   o) Sewage characteristics (BOD, Suspended Solids, etc.)
   p) Location
2. On account of variation in sewage discharge a) Show the best combination of treatment units and processes
   b) Show the penstock gates to be closed On the basis of the condition of the plant components a) Show defective units
   b) Show alternative treatment combinations
3. Complete non-spatial information of a) Selected Sewer(s)
   b) Selected Drain(s)
   c) Appurtenance(s)
   d) Pump(s)
   e) Plant components(s)

A combination of the above queries was also made possible.

Results
Various query results were obtained and subsequently evaluated for accuracy and consistency.

Fig-1 exhibits the result of the query for best combination of treatment components for a given influent discharge. The pipes highlighted in green give the flow of sewage and sludge in the plant for the given discharge. Hence, for the given discharge, only the displayed components are required to function for optimal performance of the Sewage Treatment Plant’s

Fig-1: Query result for best combination of treatment components as per flow rate
Fig-2 exhibits the result of the query for display of all the pipes carrying sewage in the treatment plant. The pipes highlighted in green colour carry sewage while the rest are sludge carrying pipes. Similarly, result may be obtained for the display of other components and the related appurtenances in the Sewage Treatment Plant.

Fig-2: Query result for display of pipes carrying sewage in the treatment plant
Conclusion
The GIS enabled Information and Management System for a Sewage Treatment Plant can prove to be of great importance to the municipal department engaged in facility management. With exhaustive thematic display and customized query utilities, the GIS package will serve as a decision support tool designed to aid in efficient management of the Sewage Treatment Plant. This will also set the pace to the complete computerization of the municipal department.

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