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Abstract
GIS-Based Flood Prediction of Laksha Catchment, Iran
Dr. K. Solaimani
GIS and RS Lab, University of Mazandaran,
Iran
Email: solaimani2001@yahoo.co.uk
Banihashemi
S.M.
GIS Lab. University of Tabriz
Iran
Dr. A. Rasuli
GIS Lab. University of Tabriz
Iran
Flood forecasting and its management by hydrological models are most important and sensible river basins. Investigation of hydrological phenomena such as flood using new techniques like satellite data processing and GIS in compare to traditional methods is most reasonable. As many parameters (i.e. rainfall, watershed area, soil type and land cover...) have important role in runoff, by considering the mentioned factors in a watershed and their analysis in GIS environment a model can be produced for the runoff forecasting. This investigation is a case study in a sub catchment of Neka basin (Leksha River). By extracting digital elevation model from ASTER data and production of land cover map by fusion of Pan. IRS and ETM+ data, information for hydrological modeling provided, and then with analysis of them in GIS, basin model was supplied. In the next stage, with rainfall-runoff relations runoff hydrograph was simulated. In simulating process HEC-HMS model was used. The SCS method was used for transforming rainfall to runoff. Using satellite data for modeling is time saving and economic as compared with traditional methods and these models have very accurate. The other advantages of using satellite data are up to date data and possibility of considering changes in any parameters in time and area. In additional, GIS capabilities in extracting and analysis of the parameters are necessary in modeling process. With using simulation, forecasting of peak runoff and time of the peak in any part of the stream can be possible.
Key Words:GIS, RS, Hydrological Modeling, Flood, Laksa River, Iran.
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