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Remote Sensing and GIS in Hurricane Mapping and Mitigation- A CASE STUDY IN NEW ORLEANS
R.VANDANA VARSHINI
student
anna university,
Email: varshini_2525@yahoo.co.in
Remote sensing and GIS in hurricane mapping and mitigation- A Case study in New Orleans
Named for Huracan, the Carib god of evil, the hurricane is an amazing yet destructive natural phenomenon that occurs about 40 to 50 times worldwide each year. Hurricane season takes place in the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico, and Central Pacific from June 1 to November 30 while in the Eastern Pacific the season is from May 15 to November 30. Due to the Coriolis effect, the regions between 5° and 20° north and south of the equator are the belts where hurricanes can form (there is not enough rotary motion between 5° north and south). The term cyclone is used in the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea and the term typhoon is used in the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and west of the International Dateline. The hurricane season of 2005 is being captioned by three devastating and deadly hurricanes, which totally buried the gulf coasts of North America, which includes the coastal city of New Orleans. The hurricanes include Katrina, Rita, Stan, Wilma and so on.
This paper concentrates on the effects of the three major hurricanes which affected the New Orleans. The hurricanes are being ffectively mapped and captured using the different multi sensor satellites. These images are assessed in order to map the hurricanes in the area. We can compare the different remotely sensed data. The satellite images thus obtained is then loaded into the GIS software, ArcGIS. Using ArcGIS we monitor the affected areas. This helps us in effective mitigation of the hurricane affected areas.Our overall objective is to improve the capability to predict coastal change that results from severe tropical and extra-tropical storms.Extreme storm investigations have three integrated components:
Scanning airborne lidar altimetry
Oblique aerial video and photography
Ground surveys
Elevation data from before and after the hurricane are compared to determine the patterns and magnitudes of coastal change including erosion and destruction of buildings and infrastructure. As ground surveys are not possible in the case of hurricane affected areas the remote sensing technology plays a very important role in the mitigation techniques. Most of the damage observed thus is caused mainly by Katrina hurricane. This is a very useful study because to effectively manipulate the relief measures and rejuvenation of the affected areas.
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