An Appropriate GPS Technology for Landslide Monitoring at East-West Highway, Perak, Malaysia
 Khamarrul A.R Email: kamaz_80@yahoo.co.uk Wan Aziz W.A Email: Waziz@fksg.utm.my Faculty of Geoinformation Science & Engineering University Technology Malaysia Skudai 81310, Johore
Abstract
Landslide is a general term used to describe the down-slope of soil, rock and organic material under the influence of gravity. This phenomena cause property damage, injury, death and adversely affect a variety of resources in the disaster areas. Nowadays, the GPS technology has shown that it is capable to monitor sub-centimeter deformations of this ground movement. The main advantage of GPS sensors compared to conventional deformation monitoring sensors is that GPS requires no line-of-sight between the stations. This enables GPS to monitor the landslides even during unfavorable weather conditions either in real time or post-processing mode. However, the attainable accuracy of a GPS based system is limited by the satellite geometry and by systematic errors such as multipath, weak satellite geometry, etc. To monitor the landslide phenomena, it is imposed to represent the area under investigation by a number of points that are monumented durably. Some stations are used to define a stable reference frame and the remaining stations are the monitoring points situated in the deformation area. In this way, the determination of the movement of the control stations is done relatively to the reference ones. This paper therefore highlights an investigation of landslide motions to discover possible precursors of mass movement. The first practical applications were the deformation measurements at two small landslide areas at Peninsular East-West Highway, Km22 and Km26. Some preliminary results are presented. |