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Recognizing the existing potentials of Iran in identification of Natural Resources for Ecological Studies with a Land Use Planning Approach
2- Land Use Planning and Sustainability in Development:
Land is a limited and vulnerable resource but if its capacities to be utilized constantly and not entirely , it can be eternal and renewable and to find solution for this, it needs more carefulness and attention to the past, present and future of the subject. Inattentive use of the land together with incorrect management or improper and unwise application of the land by human have also increased the problem. Today we know that we should preserve the nature and use the potentials of the land reasonably. The land use must be in accordance with the potentialities of the land and we should arrange and meet our social and economic requirements according to it. This conception became the introduction to land use planning and by this the economic basis of the expansionist concept which knew the economy separated from nature converted to the economy of sustainable environment which knows the whole economy as a comprehensive and inseparable subdivision of the nature. Land use planning considers the constant profitability of the land according to qualitative and quantitative potentialities of the land for the use of human beings and prevents squandering of the resources and misuse of the environment. In figure 1 and 2, the process of preparation and compilation of projects with and without considering the land use planning procedures are illustrated.  Figure 1: Process of Plan Compilation Without Land Use Planning Approach  Figure 2: Process of Plan Compilation With Land Use Planning Approach 3- Identification of resources and available potentials
3-2 . Conversion of the aerial photos, satellite images and topographic maps 3-3 . Automatic conversion of aerial photos and satellite images 3-4. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) It is considerable that the evolutionary process of resource identification is so that each step is a prerequisite to the next step. From environmental planning point of view, resource identification is the first step in national planning and assessment or land use planning. Although there are different methods for it in different countries of the world but there is no doubt that arranging comprehensive scientific plans according to the land potentialities and their accordance with the overall social and economic requirements of the society is based on a proper and accurate identification of the resources. Essentially, the resources can be divided into two parts: Fixed resources and unfixed resources. The natural or ecological resources can be divided to physical and biological resources. Physical resources include land, climate, stones, land form and soil and the biological resources include fauna and flora. From sustainability point of view, ecological resources can be divided into fixed and unfixed groups. Sustainable resources are those which are fixed in their matrix (such as stone, soil, land form, plant and etc.); change in such resources is slow if not to be under the influence of severe natural or human forces and unfixed resources are those which are not permanent and change in such natural and human resources is very quick(such has land, climate, water resources, animals). To identify the climate of Iran, methods such as statistics, sampling and analysis are used. Along with recent technological developments remote sensing and analysis of satellite data are widely applied through out the world. To identify the stones and geomorphology, the method of interpretation of satellite images or aerial photos together with field works are used and to identify the probability of soil erosion, aerial photos and satellite images are used. 4 - The available potentials of the country Essentially, the environmental assessment needs accurate quantitative data from the quality of the land and so methods of aerial photography and data preparation from inaccessible areas and resources and their potentials by using aerial photos is of great importance and value. |