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An integreted approach of Remote Sensing, geophysics and GIS to evaluation of Groundwater Potentiality of Ojhala Subwatershed, Mirzapur district, U.P., India Amaresh Kr. Singh, S. Ravi Prakash Remote Sensing applications centre U.P., Sector -G, Jankipuram, Lucknow E-Mail: amaresh_amu@rediffmail.com, rsacup@sancharnet.in
Introduction
The study area covered by hard rock formations, faces acute water scarcity problem both for irrigation as well as drinking purposes. Occurrences of groundwater in this type of area is confined in secondary permeable structures i.e. fractured and weathered horizons and in upper unconsolidated materials. The traditional methods of searching sites for drilling of bore hole, have not only had a poor success rate but even the places where such efforts have succeeded, the borewells are known to have dried up in a short period of time. The concept of integrated remote sensing and GIS has proved to be an efficient tool in groundwater studies (Saraf, A.K. et.al. 1998, Krishnamurthy et.al 1996 and Murthy 2000). Inclusion of subsurface information inferred from geoelectrical survey can give more realistic picture of groundwater potentiality of an area. Keeping this in view, the present study attempts to delineate suitable locations for groundwater exploration using integrated approach of remote sensing, geoelectrical and GIS techniques. Study Area The study area, covered by hard rock formations, is situated in Mirzapur district of Uttar Pradesh, India bounded by longitudes 82°26' E and 82°36' E and latitudes 24°56' N and 25°10' N, (fig. 1) covered in Survey of India toposheet no. 63K/12, K/8, L/5 & L/9. The total geographical area of subwatershed is 248 sq.km. Delhi-Howrah rail rout and National Highway no. 7 passes through the area which connect the area from other part of the country. 
Geologically the area comprises of upper Vindhyan formations consisting of sandstone, quartzite and shale (CGWB, 1985). Vindhyan formation is overlain by quaternary alluvium, which was deposited on the eroded basement. Upper Vindhyan formation represented by Kaimur series are divided into two groups, the Upper & Lower. The Lower Kaimur consists of quartzite and silicified shales at the base followed by Susnai conglomerate, breccia and then quartzite & sandstone. The top of Lower Kaimur is characterised by thick shales belonging to Vijaigarh shales. The Upper Kaimur are represented by brown to red, fine grained sandstone followed by white Dhandraul quartzite.
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