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Water resourse planning of patan branch canal command area through RS & GIS
Nitin Dubey
M. Tech. (Soil & Water Engg.), CAE, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), India
R. K. Nema
Associate Prof. (Soil & Water Engg.), CAE, JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.), India
Introduction
Water is an important natural resource on the earth and plays a vital role in every aspect of life. The sources of consumable water are mainly ground water, rain and surface water bodies like river, ponds and lakes etc. but the competitors are too many like domestic sector, agricultural sector, infrastructure sector and industrial sector etc. The agricultural sector is the major consumer of water and land resources. Ever increasing pressure of population coupled with poor management of land and water resources are putting tremendous stress on our fragile environment. With the limited availability of natural resource made it mandatory to use them optimally, so that the need of each sector will be fulfilled with justification. The scenario of fast growing world compelled the human civilization to make efforts that maintains the developments with the sustained utilization of natural resources. With increasing demand of water by growing world population, it has become necessary for mankind to look for additional sources, as well as to conserve the available resources.
There are many approaches that are made to conserve soil and water, but they are not the only complete way to get sustainable growth. There is further need for a comprehensive strategy for utilizing the natural resources in such a way that they can be used forever with minimum degradation when exploited in their optimal capacity. Thus, for sustainable development it is the initial phase to work out the land and water resource action plan, which takes the capability into prime account for utilization of the available natural resource in the concern area. RS and GIS approach is an advanced tool for such analysis. Bargi irrigation project is new major irrigation project commenced in the year 1989 and still the targeted irrigation potential could not be achieved. Further land use planning considering land and water resources is a necessary step in order to utilize the natural resources optimally and in sustained manner.
Study area
The Bargi dam, which is a major dam in M.P., is built across the river Narmada and situated near the village Bijora that is about 43 km from the Jabalpur city. Rani Avanti bai Sagar Project (RABSP) is associated with 20 lakh farmers of Mahakaushal and Vindhayachal region. The Left Bank Canal (L.B.C.) of Bargi dam covers Jabalpur and Narsinghpur district. Total length of L.B.C. is 137.2 km, out of which 65 km passes through Jabalpur district. Patan Branch Canal (PBC) is a part of this network. The network of the PBC was selected for the present study. Patan Branch Canal Command Area (PBC) was considered for the present study. Command area lies between 23˚05′00′′ to 23˚ 30′00′′ N latitudes and 79˚20′00′′ to 80˚00′00′′ E longitudes.
PBC is originate at about 31.58 Km from LBC of Bargi reservoir. It crosses the river Narmada through an aquaduct to irrigate Jabalpur, Patan and Shahpura blocks of Jabalpur district. The total length is 9.74 Km. It cover’s an area of about 54,200 ha as Culturable Command in Patan and Shahpura blocks of Jabalpur district. Index map of study area is shown in Fig.1.
The climate of the area is classified as sub tropical, semi arid. The annual average rainfall in the Command area is 1159 mm. Wheat, Paddy, Gram and Maize are the principal crops. The Different water resources, canal, tube well, pond, wells etc are available in command area which meets water requirement of terrains for domestic, agriculture, infrastructure and industrial uses.
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