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Toward a great water resource for agriculture and a soft weather for tourism in inland western desert of Egypt
Creating the composite suitability map
1-suitability map for the lakes Map calculation function is used to create the composite suitability map of the optimal sites for the proposed lakes using the logical expressions: - (( [Elevation] < 85) and ([Distance to cities] < 0.097)) or ([Elevation] < 0) This expression performs a theme named "suitable site for new lakes" contains selected area which located in elevation level less than 85 meter and not far 10 km from each city in addition to the under sea level areas 
Fig. (2) shows the suitability map of proposed lakes and channel path As shown in the figure (2), the suitable location of the proposed lakes is the all around of Kharga, north of Mute, the all around of Farafra, northeast of Bawity, and the all extensions of Siwa. In addition to the under sea level area such as Depressions of Qattara, Sitra, Nuweinmisa, Bahren, and Areg. 2-suitability map for the channel By using the Map query function, the composite suitability map of channel path can be created. Three alternatives for the path according to the path features in the vector map such as length. The three alternatives theme (#1, #2, #3) are created using the logical ( [Elevation] < 180) and ([Distance to estimated Path # 1] < 0.0097), ( [Elevation] < 180) and ([Distance to estimated Path # 2] < 0.0097), and ( [Elevation] < 180) and ([Distance to estimated Path # 3] < 0.0097) respectively. These logical expressions create the path in middle level and not far the estimated paths 1km from each side. As shown in the figure (2), the part of path that marked in doted-line is on high elevation level and the part that is marked in solid-line is on low elevation level. On another words, the doted-line represent the part of estimated path which is higher than the middle level (180 meter) and need to digging process, the sold-line represent the part of estimated path which is lower than the middle level and doesn't need digging. Thus, the best path is that contains high present of solid-line and short length totally. There are tow ways to carrying out the channel: The first is digging the proposed path at the high elevation level to be at the level 180 meter and pumping the water on this level by just one pumping station on the coast. The second is using pumping station at the beginning of each high elevation distance of the proposed path and make the channel on the natural elevations. To decide whish way and which path is the optimal solution, a compare must be between the total length of each path, the length of the high elevation, and the number of sites need pumping station. The table of sum of attributes of estimated path shows that the short path is the second alternative. The short length need digging is also in the second alternative. Therefore, in case of using the first way the optimal path will be the second alternative. In case of using the second way the optimal path will be the third alternative where the number of pumping station is less than as in the first alternative moreover its total length is shorter the second alternative. Thus, the optimal solution can be selected according the cost of digging distance 107 km to level 180 meter or cost of eight pumping stations. Table of sum of attributes of estimated path ID; Count; SUM LENGTH (Km);Length of high elevation (over 180m );Length of low elevation (under 180 m);Number of pumping station 1; 2; 1302;250;1052;8 2; 4; 1116;107;1009;9 3; 1; 1130;215;915;8 Therefor, we recommend the second and third alternative and leave the decision to the result of economical study, which must be performed at near of execution's time because the economic factors are variable with time. We estimate this project will be fact in next 50 years for the next reasons: - 1-the sea level will be higher 1 m over the existing. 2-the solar energy and wind power will be available and economic to convert to electricity power, this power will be used in pumping and desalting stations. The desalting water station proposed site be at the Mediterranean Sea coast, the proposed sites of pumping of the water is located at the end of each low level parts (Solid-line) of the path to pump the water to the high level parts (Doted-line) of the path. Conclusions and recommendations This paper concludes that in the Egypt might be the most beneficiary county from the melting the ice at Antarctica continent and oceans if this proposed had been carrying out. The powerful technology for planning and execution of this project is the GIS technology. Performing this project will develop tourism and agriculture field in the Egyptian western desert areas. Large areas will be new inhabited areas. The suitable area of the new lakes and path of water channel is that in the suitability map. References
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