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Delineation and incorporation of socio-infrastructure database into GIS for land use planning: A case study of Tan Phu Thanh village, ChauThanh District, Cantho Province
2. Research location description
2.1 Location and physical condition
Tan Phu Thanh village located in the South of Chau Thanh district, Can Tho province, neighbors in the North is Nhon Nghia village, in the East is Thanh Dong, in the Western-South is Thanh Xuan village. Total area is 2,556.7 ha, with 7 hamlets, including Tan Thanh Dong, Tan Thanh Tay, Phu Loi, Thanh My A, Thanh My B, Tan Phu, and Long An.
The climatic conditions are similar to the condition of the district or province, which distinguse season, dry and rainy seasons. The dry season starts from January to May, while the rainy season starts from May to December. Total rainfall of the region about 1952 mm/year, however most of rainfall concentrated in the rainy season, while there are no rain in February and March, high rainfall concentrated from May (113.3 mm) to December (153 mm), amount of rainfall is highest in September (439.2 mm). In the rainy season, there are no drought spell occurrence, which harmful for cropping season because there are not enough water for irriagtion. However, the hydrology conditions of the village are quite suitable for agricultural even though drought spell occurred. Temperature of the village is nearly stabilized in the year, average temperatute is about 27.3 oC, highest Temp. is in May (29.6oC), and lowest is in December (25.3oC). The village has high air humidity, specially in the rainy season, highest is in September (91%), and lowest is in the dry season (79 – 82%). Generally, the climatic conditions of Tan Phu Thanh village are the same as the conditions of the districts or province, it is belong to the climatic regime of the region, which suitable for the agricultural development. Especially, the land use parterns diversity in the village is very high, which conforming for the suitable of the villlage for agricultural production.
The inundation depth will effect to the type of crops, cropping system, and also the development of fishery. The inundation of Tan Phu Thanh village is affected by the tidal regime and receive water from Hau river, about 10 km from Hau river. Since maximum depth of inundation is high, ranging from 40 to 80 cm.
According to the map, there were 13 land use patterns in the village, in which double rice crop is dominated in most of the hamlets. However, fruit crops and perenial crops are concentrated with a very large area along the river and national No.1 highway, in which Tan Phu and Long An hamlets have the largest area of fruit gardent and upland crops, the other land uses occupied a few hectars including mixed garden, church, cemetory, house, which located along the river or national No.1 highway or local paths, canal, river,.. that showed the village has the potential in deleloping the fruit crops such as oranges, rambutant, longan, mango,..as reported by the farmers, while double rice is now shifting to triple rice as practiced at some places in the village. This is showing the highly suitability of crops in the area.
There are 6 major soil types in Tan Phu Thanh village, and large area are potential acid sulfate soil, in which sulfidic horizon often occurred at the depth more than 80 cm from soil surface. the pyritic material indicated in the field by oxidation of H2O2, which will oxidize pyritic material and bring soil pH down, if pyritic material presented, soil pH will down to lower than 2. These soil types presently not harmfull for crops, but if it exposed to the surface such as for raised bed, pond making,.. it will be oxidized and released a lot of toxicity as Al3+, Fe2+, total acid, and low pH. Besides these, most of the soil receive a lot of alluvial materal from river, deposited on the top soil to form a Fluvic phase, which indicate the accumulation of aluvial material on the topsoil. However, due to the accumuation of organic matter on the surface during crop cultivation, the soil surface have a dark color to form the umbric phase. There are no occurrence of pyritic material in the horizon in other soil types, these soil types are favorable for most of the crops.
2.2 Some infrastructure situation
2.2.1 Present transport system related to the agricultural products
In Tan Phu Thanh village, Balang river is the main river of the village, which the farmers can use for transpotation of their product to the market, and also for local transpotation. The distance from the main river will affect to the cost of products by transportation. Based on the location of the main river, more than 50 % area of field and farmer’s house in the Tan Phu Thanh village have the distance less than 1000 m.
National No.1 high way is the main road crossed throught the village, which the farmers can use for transpotation. The distances to the main road is also affected to the cost of product such like the river as mentioned above. Most of farmer’s field (more than 50 % area) in the Tan Phu Thanh village are less than 1000 m from the main road.
2.2.2 Market
In the Tan Phus Thanh village, most of farmer’s products are sold to the local market. Therefore, the distance to the market play important role that affected to the imcome of farmers. In Tan Phu Thanh village, there are three main markets located in the village that are Xeo vong, So 10, and Cai Tac makets. Most of the farmer fields to local market ranged from 500 to 5000 m, in which most of distance was within 1000 to 3000 m. Some farmers who produced more products often sell their product in Cantho and Cairang markets
2.2.3 Schools
There are 11 elementary schools located in the Tan Phu Thanh village which are more easier for children in the village going to school. Most of farmer houses are close the elementary schools (from 500 m to 1500m). Therefore, the can walk to school or going by bicycle or boat.
Two secondary schools have been located in Tan Phu Thanh village (Tan Phu Thanh and Tam vu 2 secondary schools), if considered within the village, most of children have to ride bicycle or boat to the schools, because it is far from their house. The distance from farmer’s house to secondary schools ranged from 500 to 5000 m. However, because there is an other secondary school in Cai rang, which very near for student located in the hamplet of Tan Thanh Dong, and Tan Thanh Tay and Phu Thanh, they can study in these schools instead of local secondary schools.
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