Development of Spatial and Attribute Database for Planning and Managing Rural Service centers, in Kendrapara District, India

Abstract

Development of Spatial and Attribute Database for Planning and Managing Rural Service centers, in Kendrapara District, India

Ranjan Kumar Mallick
Project Officer, LRT-ICEF Project
Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur-721302, West Bengal, India
Phone-91-03222-81540, 81541(O), Fax-91-03222-777194
E-mail- ranjan@gg.iitkgp.ernet.in, ranjan_m@hotmail.com

Abstract
At present, the decentralized planning process is a conspicuous feature in India having planning machinery’s operating at the state and block level. There is a micro level unit for implementing different kinds of rural-regional development programs. The decentralization thinking has further gone down to the level of Gram Panchayat (GP) below the block in India and emphasis has been made by the government to further strengthen and energize the decentralized planning process in the eighth five year plan period (1990-1995). Efforts to be reconsolidate to revitalize the Panchayati Raj institutions to fulfill the promises and expectations of the people at the lowest level with multifold objectives of reduction in economic and social disparity and participation, effective use of available resources. Here question is how is it possible? For that data is necessary.

There is certainly a strong need for data and information base for the successful planning and development operations at different levels. The decision making at appropriate time and place as a part of planning exercise is very much dependent on what kinds of data and information available. The rapid growth and quick development of information technology in developed nations have created awareness in developing world having such a data base system at district levels on various items/problems needed for the multi-faceted development programs. The use of microcomputers and geographical information system (GIS) packages are getting strengthened in developing world to make the analytical problem simpler. It depends very much on the quality as well as quantity of database available. But in the true sense, the database is not fully established as it is expected, as a result the planning operation and development results are not quite satisfactory in most of the developing countries of the world. The situation in India is no way exception to this. The purpose of this paper is to give a GIS database for Rural Regional Planning in Kendrapara district, Orissa, India.

The broad objective is to make GIS database for planning and Managing Rural Service Centers at Kendrapara district Orissa, India. The study methodology is based on the field visit, primary and secondary data collection, analyzing and displaying of the results. GIS is used in different ways, such as preparation of coverage for interpretation and finally for planning and decision making. In order to have relevant and realistic development plans, the planners have not only to continuously improve their knowledge of theories and concepts, but also employ advanced tools of analysis for sound and decision making in the planning process. GIS has particularly been useful in creating database required for spatial planning. It is applied in developed countries as main tool in the field of urban and regional planing.