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Overview |
Urban Sprawl |
Fringe Area Development |
Urban Agglomeration |
Emerging Technologies |
Relevant Links
Computerisation of development plans and associate information using GIS
As per the Bombay Town Planning Act, 1954 (replaced in Jan 11,1967, as
Maharashtra Regional & Town Planning Act, 1966) for the preparation of the
sound based Development Plan survey should be carried out under the following
heads:
- Physical condition: This includes information about physiography,
climate, and relative location of the town in relation to other big towns and to
the village surrounding it. Probable sources of water supply, housing condition,
accessibility, and suitability of the site for new development. The estimate the
probable location of growth and indicate the desirable direction of
city&rsquos growth.
- Population: The growth and occupation of population are studied based
on last census. In a growing town an attempt has also been made to indicate the
predominant character of the town by analysing the occupation group. In case of
decling towns causes have been identified and infrastructure development has
been proposed to stop migration. Projection of population for next ten years in
which period Development Plan will not be revised has also been estimated to
accommodate the ultimate population without any deterioration in the existing
condition of population density. Population density by ward has been calculated
under heading of number of inhabited rooms in each floor and number of children
and adults.
- Housing: In case of housing data structural condition,
sanitation-adequacy of the open spaces around the house, standard of
ventilation, nature of sanitary conveniences provided etc. have been surveyed
with the help of prepared questionnaire. The predominant use of the building is
also surveyed. This survey has helped to find out insanitary and unhealthy
areas, slums, areas becoming absolate, areas of recent growth, existing use
zones in the city etc. Detailed survey has been done in the city centre region.
- Communications: In the communication data the width of the existing
road, traffic conditions in detail have been collected. The layout of proposed
diversions have been drawn and the cost of widening the existing has been
calculated.
- Public Buildings, Education & Health services The location of the
existing schools, hospitals and nursing homes have been marked. The new
infrastructure have been proposed and identified in the plan.
- Open spaces: The existing open space i.e. parks and gardens have been
identified and their adequacy has been analysed and new location has been
marked. After this extensive survey and analysis the Proposed development Plan
was prepared. The zoning method has been used and mixed landuse has been
discouraged in the Plan. There is proposal for the clearance of slums,
improvement of existing roads, schools, hospitals, parks and playgrounds,
theatres and provisions of new ones. The final Development Plan includes written
report; three main maps i.e. Index map (not smaller than 1" to 1mile. Including
surrounding areas including roads), Town map (not smaller than 800&rsquo: 1"
and preferably 200&rsquo:1" in case of small towns showing all proposals)
and Detail map (50&rsquo:1", to know the location of each property and how
it is affected by the future development), and required graphs and charts. The
Section 38 of the same Act provides a statutory tool for a periodical revision
of the sanctioned Development Plan. The Local Authority in the initial stage has
collected huge amount of both spatial and attributes data. But due to the manual
handling but most of them are not easily accessible to the public and the
organisation. If handled with scientific approach with the use of computer and
specially GIS this will help to speed up the organisation procedure and in some
cases will help to generate some finance for the authority.
Development Control of Local Authority - Process and
ProcedureIn the context of urban planning, after the preparation of the
Development Plan in most cases the function of the local authorities are based
on grants or refusal of planning permission for development. The local authority
is empowered to grant or refuse any proposal of planning application in its
area. . Generally applications are accompanied by a development proposal report,
which include a written statement and a plan to describe present condition of
the land to which the application relates; and describes the proposed
development. So, a development proposal report generally include the following
major aspects:
- Key Location plan
- Site Plan Building plan and layout plan
- Ownership title
- Clearance certificate of all tax arrears
- Property register card
The maps shall have to be standard drawing
size and follow the prescribed colour notation scheme. The report will then have
to be verified by local authority concerned. The report together with other
considerations will be used as a basis for aiming decision. After satisfying
with the submitted information, Construction Certificate is issued for
construction up to plinth level (valid for 4 years). In these cases only to
ascertain the status of a plot in the Development Plan, the Town Planning
Department takes 45-60 days. As the applicant only supply a hand drawn parcel
lay out with survey number, obtained from the land Records Office. The scale of
the parcel map is different from the Development Plan so the manual checking is
obviously timed taken.
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