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GIS – MIS - GPS for solid waste management
Senthil Shanmugan
Project Coordinator (GIS), Bangalore Agenda,
Task Force, Bangalore
senthil@blrforward.org
Senthil Shanmugan
Project Coordinator (GIS), Bangalore Agenda,
Task Force, Bangalore
senthil@blrforward.org
Executive Summary
This paper explains about the experiences of developing GIS-MIS-GPS for Solid Waste Management (SWM) for a typical urban environment in the case of Bangalore City. The various aspects covered in this paper are the Background, Need, methodology, the development process of the three different systems GIS, MIS, & GPS, the various components of the projects, and the integration of the three systems, the implementation and the benefits. The core issue in this paper is how the three systems GIS, MIS & GPS evolved over the period.
Background
Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF): Objectives
In Nov 1999, the State Government of Karnataka constituted the Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF) with several eminent professionals. The Objectives of the Task Force are:
The Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BMP) supported by Bangalaore Agenda Task Force (BATF) launched an innovative sustainable cleanliness programme called “Swachha Bangalore”. The City has 100 administrative wards, which have been divided into 277 Health wards for functional convenience. Of these, 147 Health wards including two markets are under private contract system of cleanliness. The remaining 128 Health wards are managed through Pourakarmikas of the Corporation. “Swachha Bangalore” targets to cover all these 128 Health wards. Role of BATF in Swachha Bangalore (SB)
It is comprehensive GIS project for solid waste management, for the Bangalore City Corporation (BCC) health department. The aim of the project is to restructure the entire system of garbage collection, disposal and monitoring using GIS-MIS-GPS. It makes the basis for investments on infrastructure and efficient disposal mechanism or transport model.
The objectives of the project
Methodology
Study of the existing infrastructure with respect to the needs, here also it represents the typical GIS problem, no proper maps (paper maps), its not organized. One important thing, people using the maps and the database in the disorganized way. There is a feeling among the people that, they felt the need for organized system like GIS, since most of the data they use as spatially related, not only it helps in viewing and also analyzing, it will help in decision making.
GIS (Geographic Information System)
Data
Components of MIS
GPS – Global Postioning System
System Network for GIS
Implementation
Intangible Benefits
The project is the benchmark in the municipal history of India, in terms of its application from the city level to the health ward level.
GIS-MIS-GPS for Solid Waste Management (SWM) envisions a future where GIS is recognized as an integral and indispensable information tool for civic management, serving the integrated information needs of the citizens.
The implementation of a GIS represents a journey and not a destination. New uses, new applications and new users will continue to evolve in the foreseeable future. Major benefits will derive from opportunities currently unforeseen. As a result, for the foreseeable future, this project will have no definable end.
This paper explains about the experiences of developing GIS-MIS-GPS for Solid Waste Management (SWM) for a typical urban environment in the case of Bangalore City. The various aspects covered in this paper are the Background, Need, methodology, the development process of the three different systems GIS, MIS, & GPS, the various components of the projects, and the integration of the three systems, the implementation and the benefits. The core issue in this paper is how the three systems GIS, MIS & GPS evolved over the period.
Background
Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF): Objectives
In Nov 1999, the State Government of Karnataka constituted the Bangalore Agenda Task Force (BATF) with several eminent professionals. The Objectives of the Task Force are:
- Make Bangalore the best city in India by 2004
- Upgrade and enhance the managerial and administrative capabilities of various civic and administrative stakeholders
- Enable provision of citizen oriented , high quality public services that will improve the physical quality of life for individuals and communities
- Augment financial resources and revenues of stakeholders to enable them to perform at world class levels
The Bangalore Mahanagara Palike (BMP) supported by Bangalaore Agenda Task Force (BATF) launched an innovative sustainable cleanliness programme called “Swachha Bangalore”. The City has 100 administrative wards, which have been divided into 277 Health wards for functional convenience. Of these, 147 Health wards including two markets are under private contract system of cleanliness. The remaining 128 Health wards are managed through Pourakarmikas of the Corporation. “Swachha Bangalore” targets to cover all these 128 Health wards. Role of BATF in Swachha Bangalore (SB)
- Defining a holistic plan for Swachha Bangalore
- Assessment of present condition and organizational set up
- Financial support towards infrastructure and maintenance
- Facilitating community participation in SWM activities
- Intellectual input – research on design, materials, concept
- Overall monitoring and coordination
- 80% of information used by the health official has spatial component
- Integration of information from various levels of jurisdiction (city, zone, range and health ward level)
- Assimilating voluminous information for analysis
- Maps and other spatial data become way of their job routine
- Not organized - maps and other data
- Not properly updated - data
- No comprehensive or cohesive system to handle large amount of data
It is comprehensive GIS project for solid waste management, for the Bangalore City Corporation (BCC) health department. The aim of the project is to restructure the entire system of garbage collection, disposal and monitoring using GIS-MIS-GPS. It makes the basis for investments on infrastructure and efficient disposal mechanism or transport model.
The objectives of the project
- Make GIS-MIS as a tool for making decisions on investment in infrastructure facilities
- Make it as an effective & efficient mechanism for managing the garbage
- Route optimization-shortest path from the collection point to the dumping yard
- Maximize all the infrastructure facilities used
- Helps in making decisions about the sorting area, Disposal area, truck routes and transfer station justification.
- Optimize the number of collection points & transport of garbage
- Maximize the Collection coverage, Optimize fuel efficiency
- Optimize the transportation of garbage from collection points to dumpyards
Methodology
Study of the existing infrastructure with respect to the needs, here also it represents the typical GIS problem, no proper maps (paper maps), its not organized. One important thing, people using the maps and the database in the disorganized way. There is a feeling among the people that, they felt the need for organized system like GIS, since most of the data they use as spatially related, not only it helps in viewing and also analyzing, it will help in decision making.
- Study and analysis of the Existing Conditions-maps, attribute data, reports, the monitoring mechanism
- Creation of the baseline data and the waste quantity details
- Digitizing / demarcation of the existing health ward boundaries
- Software upgradation to incorporate the details, to enter data (data entry-editing module), data viewing module (querying and the analyzing), MIS report & network compatible
- Data entry of the details – spatial and attribute – bins, routes, quantity of waste dry & wet from the city level to the health ward level
- Generation of health ward Maps with all the existing details for 277 health wards
- Finalization of the software and integration of the three modules GIS, MIS and GPS
- Networking and Installation of the systems in the BMP main offices and the zonal offices and creation of the monitoring center for GIS, MIS & GPS
- Training of the officials to handle the system and updating the data
GIS (Geographic Information System)
- To manage large amount of spatial data (277 Health wards)
- Bins, Collection points, streets, roads, collection points, truck routes, ward/range/zonal/head offices, various levels - wards, ranges, zones and the city level data
- The locations, distance, accessibility, proximity
- Standardized coding system - Unique Ids for various elements (bins, collection points etc)
Data
- Base map
- Health ward boundaries - demarcation
- Details of the health ward - data to be added
- Data entry module-updating the data
- Data viewer module-query
- MIS report generation module
- GPS module
- To manage large amount of spatial (attribute) data related to the 277 wards
- Quantity of waste from the bins, streets, roads, each ward, range, zone level and city level
Components of MIS
- Reports - Daily, weekly, monthly
- Levels - City level, Zone level, Range level, Health ward level
- Details - Quantum of waste - dry & wet
Types - Residential, commercial & market
- Bins, Pushcarts, Mini Tippers/Trucks
- Routing analysis - collection points in the route and the quantum of waste (Existing and the optimal route)
- Location analysis - Sorting area (ward level), Decentralized composting area (ward level), transfer station (zone level)
- Frequency of clearance
- Location of dumping yards
GPS – Global Postioning System
- To monitor garbage trucks
- Optimize the truck routes
- Efficient transport mechanism
- Trucks are the only means of removing Garbage & other waste
- materials from the city
- They perform multiple trips in a day
- Monitoring and tracking these truck is a vital activity
- Any manual method is incapable to do this work effectively
- To effectively remove waste
- To efficiently remove waste
- To minimize cost
- Number of dumping yards
- Dumping yard locations
- Dumping yard Capacity
- Attitude of people
- Monitor and Track the trucks every moment
- Identify the deviations in operations
- Identify the vehicle idling during operation
- Compute the kilometers operated by the private trucks
- Route optimization-Shortest path from the collection point to the dumping yard
System Network for GIS
Implementation
- Networking and Installation of the software (at BMP Offices)
- Establishing Monitoring Center for GIS-MIS-GPS Training of the officials to handle the system
- Coordinate systematic implementation of GIS, MIS & GPS (Monitoring)
- Assists various levels of departments setting up GIS
- Developing GIS & map products
- Provides technical information and support
- Three modules become the Comprehensive monitoring system for SWM
- GIS-MIS-GPS serves as a tool for making decisions on investment in infrastructure facilities
- It will act as an effective & efficient mechanism for managing the garbage
- Route optimization-shortest path from the collection point to the dumping yard, saves fuel cost
- The system, Maximizes the use of all infrastructure facilities
- It will Help in making decisions about the sorting area, Disposal area, routing analysis and transfer station justification
- Standardization (Coding systems) of bins, collection points,etc leads to effective way of monitoring
- Updating and maintaining the data easier
- Organized way of data presentation
- Products - Map & data sales
- Map Server- Locating various elements, bins, collection points etc
- Training
- Increase of 5% Efficiency — in various levels of the departments
- Improvement in the delivery of goods & services, translates into increased effectiveness
- Government data become asset in information structure- To meet demands of business sector & citizens
- Helps weaker sections through efficient delivery of services & programs
Intangible Benefits
- Timely response to the public
- Better decision making
- Comprehensive information presentation
- Timely data update
- Reduced data redundancy
- Improved data accuracy
- Improved data consistency
- Improved data compatibility
- Improved data accessibility
- Enhanced data sharing
The project is the benchmark in the municipal history of India, in terms of its application from the city level to the health ward level.
- Indigenously developed
- No formal GIS software/ tools used
- Need based project, it was the interest shown by the health department officials and also they are also the end users.
GIS-MIS-GPS for Solid Waste Management (SWM) envisions a future where GIS is recognized as an integral and indispensable information tool for civic management, serving the integrated information needs of the citizens.
The implementation of a GIS represents a journey and not a destination. New uses, new applications and new users will continue to evolve in the foreseeable future. Major benefits will derive from opportunities currently unforeseen. As a result, for the foreseeable future, this project will have no definable end.