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Mapping of Ultramafics and Associated Lithological Units Using Satellite Data
S. Chellaiah
D-95 BIT Mesra(PO)
Ranchi-835215, INDIA
Email: chellaiah_jr@rediffmail.com
Introduction
Mapping of lithology and alteration zones in inaccessible mountain and forest terrain has always posed a challenge. There always existed disputes on the accuracy of lithological boundaries and structural details in these maps. Vast area to be surveyed and its inaccessibility, forbids physical investigation of every outcrop.At this juncture ,the potential of remote sensing is appreciatable.The greatest advantage of satellite remote sensing is the synoptic view it provides,which gives a regional and integrated perspective of and interrelations between various land features.The availability of multispectral and high resolution data and the advanced capabilities of digital image processing techniques in generating enhanced and interpretable image have further enlarged the potential of remote sensing in delineating the lithological contacts and geological structure in great details and with better accuracy.
In the regions where bed rock is exposed multispectral remote sensing is useful for mapping lithology and alteration zones. Subsequent Studies ,in South-West USA and elsewhere (Prost 1980, Rowan and Khle 1982 , Podwysocki et al 1983,Abrams, 1984 ) have confirmed that areas of hydrothermal alterations may be distinguishable using the ratio of TM band 5 and 7. Also it is evident that the spectral characteristics of TM bands are suitable for mapping ultramafic and associated lithology.
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