Abstract

Optimization of Road Construction Material Transportation Using GIS

R.K. Srivastava
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering
M.N.N.I.T, India
rksciv@yahoo.com

Narne Murali

Department of Civil Engineering
M.N.N.I.T, India

R.P. Tiwari
Department of Civil Engineering
M.N.N.I.T, India Email: h.ziari@iust.ac.irr> Iran Science and Technology University, Tehran, Iran



Abstract
People are important in towns. They are the foundation of the social and economic processes that drive the urban system and sustain the urban fabric. While people spend much of their time inside buildings - at home, at work, and at play - it is the movement of people, whether in vehicles or on foot, that is indicative of the vibrancy of the town. Comfortable and safety are important for people movement. The need for crash data in cities, States started with the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) looking at access management controls on functionally classified streets. It is felt that as the community grows, the need for access controls will become more necessary. Out of that, the ability to analyze crash data became apparent as a means to determining the need and type of access controls. Safety is a driving factor in access management and the crash reports are the best indicator of the lack of safe roads. This paper presents the development and findings of crash data from police reports and how they are being used in a Geographic Information System (GIS). Geographic Information System (GIS) software turns statistical data, such as accidents, and geographic data, such as roads and crash locations, into meaningful information for spatial analysis and mapping. In this project, GIS-based analytical techniques have been applied to a series of pedestrian and bicycle safety issues:
  • Safe routes for walking to school.
  • Selection of streets for bicycle routes.
  • High pedestrian crash zones.
In addition, tools were developed to make it easy for non-GIS specialists to perform similar analyses. These Softwares will provide insight into how the GIS can be used to improve pedestrian and bicycle safety, demonstrate the safety analysis tools using real-world data, and provide the software code that users can adapt to fit their particular needs. The minimum requirements to run the safety analysis tools include Arc View 3.0 or higher; Network Analyst extension and Windows offices. The Pedestrian & Bicycle Safety Research Program focuses on identifying problem areas for pedestrians and bicycles, developing analysis tools that allow planners and engineers to better understand and target these problem areas, and evaluating counter- measures to reduce the number of crashes involving pedestrians and bicycles. Route to school and bicycle applications are not in traditional roadway inventory files maintained by State and local transportation agencies. This data should be collected along with other roadway inventory information during database updates.

This tool uses grid and map algebra to generate a contour map identifying areas of high crash occurrence, as determined by crash density, and clusters of crashes involving pedestrians or bicyclists. Summary statistics of selected zones can be generated and displayed in table or chart form. Overall, the data received has been an invaluable aid in the planning process. The data worked out well for the access management project and continues to be a valuable tool for applications other than originally intended.