Towns and Villages The 1991 Census of India publishes
eight volumes - one for each District (Imphal East & West are combined in a
single volume). There are 2262 places - towns or villages. Each place has been
allocated an Unique Identifier - PlaceID eg BSP.1V.12 where BSP is the standard
district abbreviation in this case Bishnupur, 1 is the number allocated to the
development block in the Bishnupur Volume, 'V' indicates the place has been
designated a village ('T' indicates a Town) and 12 is the serial number
allocated to the village in the appropriate census volume. The location of the
villages was determined from the 1:50,000 toposheets, PWD District Maps and the
maps in the Census Documents. The locations were digitised using the heads-up
method with the 1:50,000 toposheets displayed on the screen.
Initially only
a small number of the items of information contained in the census document was
keyed into the computer. Now practically all the information has been keyed :-
Amenities
- Education
- Medical
- Drinking Water (Potable)
- Post & Telegraph
- Communications (Bus Stop)
- Approach to Village (type of road construction)
- Nearest Town & distance by road to nearest town
- Power Supply
Demographic
- Number of Residential Houses
- Number of Households
- Total Population (Male & Female)
- Population in 0-6 year age group (Male & Female)
- Scheduled Castes (Male & Female)
- Scheduled Tribes (Male & Female)
- Literates (Male & Female)
- Total Main Workers (Male & Female)
- Cultivators (Male & Female)
- Agricultural Labourers (Male & Female)
- Livestock, Forestry etc workers (Male & Female)
- Mining & Quarrying workers (Male & Female)
- Manufacturing, Processing and Repairs in Households (Male & Female)
- Manufacturing, Processing and Repairs not in Households (Male & Female)
- Construction (Male & Female)
- Trade & Commerce Workers (Male & Female)
- Transport Storage & Communications (Male & Female)
- Other Services (Male & Female)
- Marginal workers (Male & Female)
- Non-workers (Male & Female)
Using the "Info" tool the census
data for a specific town or village can be displayed on the screen simply by
'clicking on' the village.
In addition the amenity and/ or the
demographic information relating to people living within say 3 km of a selected
road section(s) can be readily summarised and/ or accumulated.
The
villages contained in the census sometimes comprise two or more small
settlements. To assist social, environment and other surveys the location of
settlements within two kilometres (crow-line distance) of the centre-line of
road sections being evaluated in the Feasibility Study have been digitised from
the 1:50,000 toposheets.
Earth SciencesThis major component owes much to Dr Arun Kumar and his
GIS team in the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Manipur(MU). The
co-operation between us started early in our work. We had digitised the road
network from a 1:250,000 map base and MU provided us with the following vector
tables (layers) :-
- Geological formation
- Soils
- Main Rivers
- Waterbodies
- Epicentres
- Faultlines
- Relief (250m increments)
which they had digitised from a 1:250,000
map base. Figure 5 shows the Epicentres and Faultlines overlaid by the main
roads in the District of Tamenglong.
More recently we have
're-digitised' the rivers using the 1:50,000 toposheets as a base.
In
the Imphal Valley and the surrounding foothills we have together digitised the
contours (100 m).
The locations of and information about recent
landslides were obtained from PWD and supplemented by searches through past
copies of the local newspapers.
- Dr Arun Kumar and his team are
currently processing satellite images acquired by PCCS from IRS to prepare
land-use/ land cover maps.
Raster ImagesRaster images have
two main roles in the GIS. The first is to provide the base mapping on the
screen for heads-up digitising and the second is to present information that is
not, or not yet, available in vector form. (Photographs fall into the second
category)
There are five folders of raster images in the GIS.
- Map250000 - 1:250,000 scale maps
- Survey of India 1:250,000 scale maps of areas adjacent to Manipur available
as grey scale as well as colour
- Original Blueprint with roads drawn on provided by PWD - Road Tracings -
these were prepared by tracing the roads and rivers on the 1:50,000 toposheets.
Additional village names from the District Maps were added.
- Satellite
Photographs - obtained from IRS.
- Toposheets - 1:50,000 Topographic Map
Sheets
- Various - The Development Constraint Maps (19 in all) from the
"Zoning Atlas for Siting of Industries" prepared by the Central Pollution
Control Board. Photographs, mostly of the roads, taken on the road observation
tours. Pages from Manuals etc for use in training/ presentation.
Other
Road AccidentsInformation on all road
accidents in the five years 1994-1998 was prepared by the Police or the Director
of Transport. Only personal injury accidents were recorded. The location of the
accidents are written descriptions. From these we were able to identify on which
road link in the Road Network the accident occurred in three out of four cases.
For economic assessments and to guide road safety campaigns additional data on
injuries received in road accidents were obtained from the
Hospital.
Historic SitesThe location of important historic
sites were obtained from local literature.
Hospitals and Major Health
Centres Information on health facilities were obtained from the Dept of
Health and the 1991 Census.
AcknowledgementsWithout the
encouragement and support of E. BinoyKumar Singh (ex-Chief Engineer, PWD), A.
Nilamani (Project Director,PWD), R Riding(Team Leader) and the co-operation of
Dr Arun Kumar the GIS would not be so comprehensive. Further without my Manipuri
GIS Team - Tarun, Subho, Jeetu, Oken, Biswajit and Tampha little of the above
would have been possible.