• Editorial
  
  

DEPARTMENTS

• Land surveying in India: Present status
  Dr. Satyaprakash
  
  
• A Cost Effective GPS leveling Method versus Conventional Leveling Methods for Typical Surveying Applications
  Dr. Metin Soycan
  This study proposes a cost effective GPS Leveling (GPSL) methods based on multi-reference kinematic GPS and precise geoid model for typical surveying application....
  


• Vectorization Of Contours From Scanned Topographical Maps
  Dr. K. Ananthanarayanan, Dr. Koshy Varghese
  The paper proposes to develop an automated scheme for the extraction and vectorization of contour lines from a scanned topographic map.....
  
  
• Perspective: e-Tools in Governance
  Yang Fengchun, Zhou Zhenlin
  
  
• Comparing e-Government Vs. e-Governance
  William Sheridan, Thomas B. Riley
  e-Governance is a broader topic that deals with the whole spectrum of the relationship and networks within...