Decision Support System For Call Taxi Navigation Using GIS-GPS Integration S.Kiruthivasan winman1112@yahoo.co.in  C.Madan Deepakumar gi_prince@yahoo.co.in  S.Peer Mohamed Althaf altha_1999@yahoo.co.in Abstract The integration of GPS-GIS technologies together can be achieved by a variety of ways and their applications are numerous. The traffic in the metropolitan cities is too enormous that the call-taxis cannot reach the customer in time. In addition, it is impossible to find the nearest vehicle that can be provided to the customer. This paper describes the usage of integration technology in tracing the position of the nearest call-taxi and to provide service to the required customer. This technology will continuously track the location of vehicles at any given point of time. The system will also provide the shortest traffic free route for the taxi for user-friendly efficient management. This will help the call-taxi to reach the destination in time This system uses GPS for positioning the vehicle. Vehicle navigation system determines the position of the vehicle, plans the route and gives the directions to the vehicle. In case of heavy traffic, the decision-making system would provide alternative route from the spot and guide the vehicle by giving instructions. The route, the system plans is optimized route that can be the least used or traffic cleared one. Introduction The integration of GIS-GPS technologies can be achieved in numerous number of ways. This GIS-GPS integration has numerous applications in various fields. Of this vehicle tracking is one of the developing field. The tracking can be off-line tracking or online tracking. In this paper, we would like to present the vehicle tracking and management system for call-taxi navigation. • GIS-An Introduction A geographic information system (GIS) is a computer system that stores, edits, analyzes and displays data from a geographic perspective. In non-technical language, it is a kind of "smart map." Most data has a geographic component. The purpose of GIS is to track and display the patterns and trends inherent in data. The primary uses of GIS technology are to measure change, do spatial analyses, and perform spatial modeling. For example, GIS can be used like a traditional map to determine where features are. It can track changes over short or extended periods of time and map quantities or densities. GIS also allows you to model scenarios to test a particular hypothesis and to convert digital information into map form Among the many uses of geographic information systems technology are scientific investigations, resource management, asset management, development planning, cartography and route planning. GIS technology works by relating information from different sources and analyzing the connections and patterns within. • GPS-An Introduction GPS stands for Global Positioning System. It is primarily a navigation system. The navigation principle is based on the measurement of pseudo ranges between user and four satellites. It basically consists of three segments namely,
 The StreetPilot II, a GPS receiver with built-in maps for drivers Present system At present, the call-taxi network in cities like Chennai is such that when a customer calls, the response centre official does not have the knowledge of the real time positions of his taxies. Therefore, he will not be in a position to take a decision. He will contact the driver through walkie-talkie to find where the taxi is. In addition, he could not track the vehicle, which may lead to several disputes. In addition, the network is not able to guide the driver to the destination through the shortest timesaving route to reach the destination within stipulated time. Proposed system In the proposed system, the vehicle is continuously tracked from the positions of the GPS receiver. Therefore, it helps the response centre official to find the nearest taxi to a service call and whether it is free from the GIS database. He will be in a position to direct and guide the taxi to specified location through the shortest traffic free route. He will also be able to monitor the vehicle speed and direct the driver accordingly. If there is any mechanical problem in a taxi, the official can divert the nearest free taxi to the spot to provide service to the customer. He can also send a working team to repair the vehicle. Hence, the proposed system provides a more efficient customer-friendly network beneficial to the customer and the owner. It helps the owner to save time and fuel. The system reduces the work and tension of the driver by continuously monitoring and guidance. • GIS-GPS Integration The integration of GPS technology into GIS activities can be achieved through a variety of means. These range from the transfer of data from GPS systems, for the building of new database, though to the complete integration of GPS technology into existing GIS systems, to conduct spatial analysis directly in the field. The GIS-GPS integration can be done in three categories
Working Principle
Spatial Data Line Data: Road map of the navigation area Point Data: Location of the call-taxis from GPS receiver. Control point coordinates for map preparation obtained by GPS survey. Non-Spatial Data
Required Map Accuracy: Accuracy of the digital map is very important because it would be the end product of the project, which helps in monitoring the position of call taxis. In addition, we have to give much importance to landmarks around the area, which were useful identifying the locality. Accuracy is 3 meters. The positional accuracy of the map is also very important because
Map Scanning and Vectorization: To create digital map, first we should scan and then digitize using our ArcGIS onscreen digitization. Using the edit features of ArcGIS, various node errors were removed and labels were added to denote various roads and streets. CONTROL SURVEY USING GPS
Architecture Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL) tracking systems are rapidly becoming widespread amongst medium to large organisations, which maintain commercial fleets. The principal benefit of such systems is the opportunity to monitor and improve the efficiency of human and environmental resource use. An AVL system consists essentially of three components: (1) a means of positioning the roving vehicle, (2) a communications link between vehicle and base, and (3) a logging and monitoring facility at base. Pseudorange GPS is often the positioning method of choice for open-air vehicle tracking, because of its moderately high precision and ease of use. The precision can be improved by the method of “differential GPS” (dGPS). In this method, corrections to the satellite-receiver pseudoranges or the resulting receiver position are sent from a (normally third party) base station to the receiver, necessitating an additional communications link. The roving receiver transmits its raw position or pseudoranges to the base via the AVL communication link, and the differential corrections are applied by the AVL base station. Thus, the driver will only know its position to the standard GPS precision, which is nowadays sufficient for navigation, and the base will track at higher precision for improved reliability. For the AVL communications link we use a digital mobile telephone to connect the roving PC to the Internet. Positioning data are then transmitted, in batches, by electronic mail to the logging PC at base. The advantage of cellular mobile phone technology is that only low power is required to establish a reliable connection from the driver to a distant base. The advantage of using electronic mail over the Internet is that the data may be transmitted to one or more bases simultaneously, whether for reliability reasons or for different purposes at each base, and that the physical location of the base(s) is rendered unimportant. Base station is continually logging pseudorange data from a static GPS receiver nearby, which it uses to provide corrections to the incoming data from the driver. These dGPS corrections are adequate for drivers up to several tens of kilometers away.  Features Vehicle Tracking allows you to find your vehicle whenever you want on a computer map, or some will even let you do it with a phone call! Remote Control Commands give you a lot of flexibility. Whatever you can do with your remote transmitter or 2-Way Responder from a quarter-mile away, you can now also do by telephone or Internet-connected computer from anywhere in the world.
The Tracking has ‘In Vehicle’ unit that takes the current position information (latitude, longitude, speed, time) provided by GPS and transmits it to the base station server via a communication link. Optionally it may also save the location information in unit’s memory. As soon as the location information is received at the base station server, the software at the server saves the information, processes it and shows the current location on a GIS map- in a real-time.  How to use? The more sophisticated GPS (Global Positioning System) car tracking systems provide more service than just car tracking. An operator at the On-Line Response Center can track the vehicle on a computer screen and provide a variety of services. Steps:
The GIS-GPS integration has been an effective technology in navigation and tracking of vehicles. This paper has discussed how the integration worked in tracking of call taxi. The system would be effective in supporting and decision making for the taxi owners.
Shows a list of all your vehicles including the location, direction, speed of the vehicles. This is an easy to use quick snapshot of your entire fleet at any given moment. Trip Detail Report: This report gives you a detail report of a specific vehicle including the number of trips it made, the location of the vehicle when the ignition was turned on, location of the vehicle every 15 minutes while the ignition is on and the location of the vehicle when the ignition is turned off. It also includes speed and trip duration. Get a trip detail report for a specific day of for the past week Vehicle Location and Map: Using Microsoft MapPoint mapping, get the physical address of the vehicle and a corresponding location on the map. General Queries Q. What does AVL stand for? A. AVL is an abbreviation for Automatic Vehicle Location System. Q. What does GPS stand for? A. GPS is an abbreviation for Global Positioning System. The GPS is owned and operated by the U.S. Department of Defense. Its primary mission is to serve the navigation needs and weapons delivery missions of the U.S. Armed Forces, worldwide. The GPS signals are produced by a constellation of satellites and are available at all times, free of charge. Q. Will I need special software to view my vehicles? A. No! It all depends on the type of tracking. Nevertheless, generally, all that is required is a PC with internet access. Q. What types of Maps will I be able to use? A. We can use Microsoft MapPoint for mapping. It will be able to zoom all the way to street level (you can typically distinguish the actual street address), as well as look at your entire fleets last known location at a glance. Q. Will I be able to see history of the vehicle? A. All of the data is archived in a database for 2 months so that you can see it, run reports, reach your conclusions about where the vehicles was, how long it was there, how fast it went along the way and much more. Q. What types of reports are available? A. The most common report used is history, which is a record of all activity from the units. The "trip details" reports provides even more however, computing distance traveled, total time with the ignition on, speeds along the way, and much more. A fleet manager would use the trip details report to prove to a customer that his driver was where he says he was to resolve aninvoicing dispute with a customer. Other available reports include engine runtime and vehicle alerts |