Urban Planning and use of GIS: Case of Ahmedabad City, India

Munshi Talat
Lecturer
International Institute for Geo-information Science and Earth Observation,
Netherlands
Email: munshi@itc.nl



The planning tools for urban development in Ahmedabad India are arranged in hierarchical manner, viz. Master Plan at the city level and Town-Planning Scheme (TPS) for local level plans. These TPS are plans of around 100 hectares and ensure the provision of physical infrastructures (road, drainage and water supply network) and social infrastructures (school, health care facility, community centre, etc), by locating the facilities in the land reserved by the land-readjustment method. This paper evaluates planning methods in Ahmedabad and explores the use of geo-information technology to assist the current methods used and suggestions are drawn on how the present planning methods can improve with special emphasis on planning for social infrastructure provision in TPS areas. The methods used to suggest improvements in allocation techniques include demand-calculation, accessibility and allocation analysis using ArcINFO workstation. Using accessibility analysis, areas with high and low accessibility to social infrastructures were identified. The parameters used were distance to nearest facility, service capacity of particular facility, and areas allocated to nearest facility. With allocation analysis, the areas under-serviced were identified. The findings of these analyses show that the infrastructure provision is deficient in quantity and is also not optimally located. The Greddy model in Flowmap software was used to calculate the quantity of facility needed and to find locations that could cover the whole study area optimally. The algorithm was used to propose new optimal locations for particular types of social infrastructre. Two different plan scenarios were then proposed.. After evaluating and improving the plan, accessibility and allocation analysis was done once again to check the improvements. The result of this study shows that there is improvement after adjusting the original plan, in terms of unmet demand, accessibility level, and area or population that can be served.