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Surface Water Monitoring And Evaluation of Indravati Reservoir using the application of Principal Component Analysis using Satellite Remote Sensing Technology
Lakhan Lal Mahato,
Research Associate, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow.
Ajey Kumar Pathak
National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow.
D.Kapoor
National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow.
Nilanchal Pate
Department of Remote Sensing, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi
M.S.R. Murthy
Forestry & Ecology Division, National Remote sensing Agency, Balanagar, Hyderabad
Abstract
Over the years, Remote Sensing technology has made great strides and contributed significantly in the management of natural resources, disaster management, environmental monitoring, etc. Operationalisation in many of the application areas including surface water monitoring has been achieved using Indian Remote Sensing satellite data. The remarkable development in space technology currently offers satellite which provide better spatial and spectral resolutions, more frequent revisits, stereo viewing and on board recording capabilities.
Remote sensing techniques can be used to assess several water quality parameters (i.e., suspended sediments (turbidity), chlorophyll, temperature) that are key factors in defining total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). These optical and thermal sensors on boats, aircraft, and satellites provide both spatial and temporal information needed to understand changes in water quality parameters necessary for developing better management practices to improve water quality. With recent and planned launches of satellites with improved spectral and spatial resolution sensors, greater application of remote sensing techniques to assess and monitor water quality parameters will be possible. These remote sensing techniques should improve our abilities to assess the landscape and thus better define TMDLs and then provide monitoring data to follow clean-up efforts.
In the present study, the role of remote sensing in surface water monitoring has been investigated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in surface water monitoring of Indravati reservoir have been done to identify the change in the turbidity, loss of water levels resulting in the sinkage of the area along the periphery and loss of water levels resulting in discontinuities of the reservoir.
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