A No-Projection Mapping Technique: Kumar Mapping (Kmap) System
Dr Muneendra Kumar
Consultant
Montgomery Village, MD, USA
Email: munismk@yahoo.com
Abstract The Kumar Mapping (Kmap) System is based on a no-projection seamless technique to compile maps and charts. Under this concept, we view the Earth surface in bird-eye-view snapshot pictures in small size ellipsoidal trapezoids. At the poles, the smaller side will become zero and the mapping area will be a triangular trapezoid. Each trapezoid, which is 99.999999% flat for a 5'x5' mapping area, is then mapped individually as flat trapezium (or triangle) and independently of the adjoining neighbor. Keeping the trapezium sides equal to the actual lengths of the latitudinal or longitudinal arcs of the corresponding trapezoid, distortions due to flattening of the bulge will be practically zero for large-scale topographic maps, aeronautical and nautical charts, and cadastral plats. The trapeziums and triangles are not converted to squares or rectangles. The "Kmaps" will have true north and scale. Contouring of Earth's real topography, as it exists in front of our eyes, will be also possible with ellipsoidal heights or depths. There will be no discontinuity in horizontal coordinates and heights/depths between maps or charts, adjoining or far apart. The Earth's ellipsoidal surface is mapped as a mosaic to produce a seamless coverage of large scale flat topographic Kmaps and nautical KCharts from pole to pole and east to west around the globe.